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| Effects of nitrogen and zinc application on yield, zinc and cadmium concentration in wheat grain under cadmium pollution |
| Received:July 19, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:nitrogen;zinc;cadmium pollution;wheat;grain fraction |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Wang | Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | HU Shaowu | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China | | | LUO Jingsheng | Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | LI Tong | Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | TIAN Chao | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China | | | HE Fuhao | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China | | | GU Jiaming | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China | | | JING Liquan | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China | | | WANG Yunxia | Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China | yxwang@yzu.edu.cn | | YANG Lianxin | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China | lxyang@yzu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of nitrogen, zinc, and cadmium treatments and their interactions on yield, the zinc and cadmium concentration in grain was examined. A pot experiment was carried out using wheat cultivar Yangmai 25. The main plots had nitrogen application levels of normal nitrogen fertilizer(1.6 g · pot-1) and reduced nitrogen fertilizer(0.8 g · pot-1). The split plots contained the control, zinc treatment with a soil zinc application of 150 mg·kg-1, cadmium treatment with a soil cadmium application of 5 mg·kg-1, and a combination treatment with zinc and cadmium. At plant maturity, the wheat grains were separated into three fractions of bran, shorts, and flour. The grain yield, nitrogen, zinc, and cadmium concentration of the grain fractions, zinc, and the cadmium bioconcentration factor (BCF) of wheat were studied. The results showed that nitrogen reduction significantly reduced the grain yield. This was mainly related to the significant decreases in yield components, biomass, and the harvest index. Meanwhile, the concentrations of nitrogen(10%-15%) and cadmium(12%-16%) in different grain fractions and BCFCd were significantly decreased. The soil zinc treatment had no significant effect on the yield and nitrogen concentration of grain. However, the zinc concentrations of different grain fractions significantly increased by 14%- 30%. The soil zinc treatment significantly decreased the cadmium concentration by 18%-28%, BCFZn, and BCFCd. The soil cadmium treatment had no significant effect on grain yield and the nitrogen concentration of the grain. However, cadmium concentrations of the different grain fractions of BCFZn and BCFCd were significantly increased(38-42 folds). The soil cadmium treatment decreased zinc concentrations of different grain fractions by 3%-12%. ANOVA results showed that the grain fraction and its interactions with zinc or cadmium treatment had significant effects on grain zinc and cadmium concentrations. These results suggest that soil cadmium pollution of 5 mg · kg-1 has no effect on wheat grain yield, but substantially increase the cadmium concentrations of different grain fractions. Nitrogen reduction, soil zinc application, and the combination of the two measures significantly reduce the cadmium concentrations of grain fractions. |
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