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| Effects of thermophilic pretreatment and biochar addition during pig manure composting on antibiotic elimination and heavy metal passivation |
| Received:October 15, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:thermophilic pretreatment;biochar;pig manure;composting;elimination of antibiotics;heavy metal passivation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | KAN Zexin | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095，China
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014 ，China | | | ZHU Ning | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014 ，China
Jiangsu Organic Solid Waste Recycling Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210095，China | | | LONG Yujiao | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014 ，China | | | JIN Hongmei | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014 ，China
Jiangsu Organic Solid Waste Recycling Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210095，China | hmjin@jaas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Prevention and control of harmful substances, such as antibiotics and heavy metals, during composting is an important prerequisite to improve quality and ensure safe utilization of organic fertilizers. In the present study, the effects of incorporating thermophilic pretreatment and biochar addition during pig manure composting（HTPC10）were analyzed, and the efficacy of this method in antibiotic elimination and heavy metal passivation was assessed. The results showed that HTPC10 significantly accelerated the pig manure humification rate. Moreover, HTPC10 shortened the maximum decomposition time by 13.6 days compared with the other treatments （thermophilic pretreatment composting, biochar addition composting, and traditional composting）. Under HTPC10, humic acid（HA） content increased by 13.5% and the humification rate increased 0.96-fold. HTPC10 achieved rapid and efficient elimination of antibiotics. Specifically, the tetracycline removal rate reached 100.0% after 14 days of composting; the removal rate of quinolone antibiotics reached 100.0% after 28 days of composting; and the removal rate of sulfonamide antibiotics reached 99.0% after 28 days of composting. Overall, HTPC10 shortened the duration for 99% - 100% removal of antibiotics by 14 – 28 days compared with the other treatments. HTPC10 effectively passivated heavy metals during pig manure composting. The highest passivation rates of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Ni were 53.8%, 51.6%, 48.3%, 35.8%, 55.0%, 53.8%, and 58.9%, respectively, which were 0.9–19.4 percent points higher than those under the other treatments. In conclusion, the proposed composting method incorporating thermophilic pretreatment （90 ℃ , 4 h）and biochar addition（10%）can obviously accelerate pig manure humification, effectively eliminate common antibiotics, and markedly improve heavy metal passivation. |
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