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| Effects of water management on cadmium injury flow intensity and transport during the grain filling stage |
| Received:October 31, 2022 Revised:December 16, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:rice;grain filling period;water management;remediation of cadmium pollution |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHU Junjie | College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | MA Jinchuan | Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | ZOU Ping | Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | pzou@mail.zaas.ac.cn | | WANG Qiang | Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | CHEN Zhaoming | Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | YE Jing | Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | MA Junwei | Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | majw@zaas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to clarify the effect of water management in the critical growth period of rice on the accumulation of cadmium in grains and elucidate part of the mechanism by which water management in cadmium-contaminated paddy fields reduces cadmium accumulation. Slightly cadmium-polluted paddy soils with the Yongyou 538 rice variety planted in them were used as the study system. Further, three water management methods were set up in a pot experiment： moist irrigation from the end of tillering to maturity（T1）, flooding from the filling period to maturity（T2）, flooding from the late stage of tillering to the mature stage（T3）, to explore the dynamic changes in rice yields, the cadmium content in each organ, cadmium accumulation in each organ, and cadmium injury flow intensity under different water management treatments, and the cadmium accumulation in rice grains during key growth periods was analyzed. The results showed that T2 could significantly reduce the content and accumulation of cadmium in rice stems and leaves and brown rice grains. Compared with T1 plants, the cadmium content of rice stems and leaves and brown rice grains in T2 plants decreased by 51.5%-61.9%, 12.8% - 53.7%, 31.8% - 50.1%, respectively. At harvest on the 35th day of grain filling, the accumulation of cadmium in T2 plants decreased by 37.4%, 28.3%, and 36.2%, respectively, compared with T1 plants. From the beginning of grain filling to 21 days is the peak period of grain cadmium accumulation, and the contribution rates of cadmium accumulation in brown rice of T1, T2, and T3 during this period were 78.0%, 77.2%, and 72.4%, respectively. From the beginning of grain filling to 14 days is the critical period for cadmium transport from roots to shoots, and the intensity of cadmium injury flow was significantly reduced under flooding. On the 14th day of grouting, the cadmium injury intensity of T1 and T2 was 2.60 times and 3.45 times that of 21 days, respectively, and that of T2 and T3 decreased by 68.6% and 92.7% compared with T1. Correlation analysis showed that cadmium accumulation in rice grains was closely related to the cadmium content in rice stems. The decrease in cadmium accumulation in submerged stems during the grain filling period results in reduced accumulation of cadmium in grains. Flood management can ensure the safe production of rice in cadmium-contaminated paddy fields, especially during the grain-filling period that is more adaptable to flooding, which is in line with farming practices in paddy fields and reduces the constraints of water resources. |
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