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| Effects of polymer-coated urea combined with common urea on ammonia volatilization, nitrogen runoff and leakage loss, and yield in direct-seeding paddy field |
| Received:November 22, 2022 Revised:February 14, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:direct-seeded rice;ammonia volatilization;runoff;seepage;nitrogen loss;polymer-coated urea |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHOU Qianshun | College of Agriculture, Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | ZHU Jianqiang | College of Agriculture, Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | ZOU Yu'ao | College of Agriculture, Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | YANG Zeyu | College of Agriculture, Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | HE Mingjia | College of Agriculture, Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | WU Qixia | College of Agriculture, Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China | qixiawu@yangtzeu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| This study explores the effects of combined application of polymer-coated urea and common urea on nitrogen loss in direct seeding paddy fields. Field trials conducted in 2021 set eight nitrogen treatments under 180 kg·hm-2 nitrogen application levels:CRFU series with polymer-coated urea(base fertilizer):common urea(tillering fertilizer)ratios of 4:6(CRF4U6), 6:4(CRF6U4), and 8:2 (CRF8U2), and single base application of polymer-coated urea(CRF10U0); U series with common urea(base fertilizer):common urea (tillering fertilizer)ratios of 4:6(C4U6), 6:4(C6U4), and 8:2(C8U2); and no nitrogen treatment as control(CK). The results showed that the peak value of ammonia volatiles at the base fertilizer stage in the polymer-coated urea treatment(CRFU series)was significantly lower than that of common urea treatment(U series). The ammonia volatiles loss at the whole growth stage of rice was the lowest in CRF10U0, followed by CRF8U2, with ammonia volatiles loss rates of 7.35% and 8.92%, respectively. The total nitrogen(TN)runoff loss rate of the CRFU series was significantly lower than that of the U series. CRF10U0 had the lowest TN runoff, followed by CRF8U2, with wastage rates of only 1.69% and 2.04%, respectively. This was because the runoff in direct seeding paddy fields mainly occurred after base fertilizer application. However, TN concentration in runoff of the CRFU series was significantly lower than that of U series during the base fertilizer period(May 22 and May 26). Nitrogen percolation at 30 cm depth of the direct seeding paddy field was dominated by NH+4-N, and the peak concentrations of TN and NH+4-N at 30 cm of the CRFU series were significantly lower than those of the U series at base fertilizer stage. Furthermore, nitrogen leakage loss during the whole growth stage of rice was significantly lower than that of the U series, with CRF10U0 being the lowest followed by CRF8U2, with leakage rates of 2.90% and 3.18%, respectively. The yields of CRF8U2 and C4U6 were significantly higher than that of other treatments except CRF10U0, and the production-investment ratio of CRF8U2 was only 4.90% lower than that of C4U6. Therefore, considering nitrogen loss, yield and production-investment ratio, the CRF8U2 fertilization model is most suitable for the actual production of direct seeding rice. |
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