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Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in water by single-atom copper-modified carbon nitride
Received:May 06, 2023  Revised:July 06, 2023
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KeyWord:antibiotic;environmental water contamination;single-atom material;carbon nitride;Photo-Fenton
Author NameAffiliationE-mail
HAO Jiachen Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Sciences and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 
 
YANG Qiang Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China  
CUI Peixin Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China  
WANG Weixuan Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China  
LUO Xiaosan Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Sciences and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China xsluo@nuist.edu.cn 
WANG Yujun Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China yjwang@issas.ac.cn 
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Abstract:
      This study focused on a single-atom, Cu-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst synthesized by a one-step pyrolysis method. The properties of the materials and mechanism of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC)degradation were investigated by synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron paramagnetic spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Study findings showed that Cu-CN could degrade more than 90% TC within 30 minutes. The reaction rate constant values reached 0.009 93 min-1, which is 7.76 times higher than that of unmodified carbon nitride material. The single-atom Cu sites significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of carbon nitride. The results of synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectra showed that the formed Cu-N bond could rapidly transfer photogenerated electrons to Cu, promoting the separation of electrons and holes and enhancing photocatalytic activity. Further, Cu(Ⅰ)and Cu(Ⅱ)cycling could rapidly activate hydrogen peroxide to produce ·OH radicals. Electrons, holes, and ·OH radicals participated in TC degradation where holes played a leading role. In lake water, the Photo-Fenton system of CuCN had an excellent TC degradation effect, indicating that the material has outstanding environmental adaptability and practical application potential.