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| Manure excretion coefficient based on the complete process of duck production and estimation of environmental effects of duck breeding in Jiangsu， China |
| Received:November 28, 2022 Revised:March 17, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:pollutant production coefficient;pollutant excretion coefficient;duck breeding;livestock environmental pollution;manure total nitrogen |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CAO Yun | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | | | WU Huashan | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LIANG Zhong | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou 225125, China | | | SUN Qian | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | | | DAI Youli | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou 225125, China | | | XU Yueding | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | | | HUANG Hongying | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | sfmicrolab@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| The present study aimed to improve the manure production and excretion parameter system applied to duck breeding to accurately calculate related manure total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorous(TP) excretions. A manure collection experiment was performed during an entire 42 d breeding period of duck production using an elevated net bed breeding system in Jiangsu. Based on the number of livestock and poultry breeding, and the area of cultivated land in each city in 2021 in Jiangsu Province, the amount and regional distribution of TN and TP from livestock breeding and the contribution of duck breeding to environmental pollution by livestock manure were calculated. The results indicated that ducks had significantly different manure production and pollutant excretion rates at different growth stages, with 56.3, 311.5 g·d-1, and 474.9 g·d-1 for manure excretion; 4.48, 20.82 g·d-1, and 30.22 g·d-1 for COD excretion; 0.31, 2.03 g·d-1 and 3.75 g·d-1 for TN excretion, and 0.19, 0.85 g·d-1, and 1.41 g·d-1 for TP excretion at the weaning, quick growth, and fattening stages, respectively. Xuzhou, Suqian, Nantong, Huai'an, and Yancheng represented the five cities with the largest total manure excretion of duck breeding in Jiangsu, accounting for 92.9% of total manure excretion of duck breeding. In 2021, the production rates of COD, TN, and TP in duck manure in Jiangsu Province were 134.7, 11.9 kilotons, and 5.7 kilotons, respectively. Xuzhou showed the largest TN and TP loads per unit cultivated area for duck breeding, accounting for 23.31% and 28.53% of the TN and TP emissions from the animal breeding industry. The TP pollution loads of livestock and poultry manure on farmland was higher than the TP standard in EU, and the water pollution warning level was fourth in Nantong and Yancheng. Therefore, the emissions of pollutants should be calculated accurately according to the population structure, and the corresponding production and excretion coefficient for duck breeding and the environmental carrying capacity should be fully considered in the breeding industry development planning in Yancheng and Nantong. The scale of the duck industry should be reduced to prevent local environmental pollution risks. |
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