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| Screening and identification of bacteria that decrease ammonia production at the soil-water interface in a paddy field |
| Received:December 17, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:paddy field;soil-water interface;ammonia production decreasing bacteria;ammonia;Lysobacter |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GAO Shuaishuai | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | WU Minxi | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | YIN Hongmei | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | YU Mengyuan | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | DU Dongxia | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | LIU Biao | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | CHEN Wei | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | WANG Zhen | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | XU Lijuan | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | WU Yingben | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | LI Yongmei | Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China | | | ZHAO Xinlin | Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China | xlzhao1990@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to screen and identify indigenous bacteria that can decrease ammonia production in a paddy field, evaluate their performance in decreasing ammonia, and explore the potential of the bacteria in reducing nitrogen loss caused by urea topdressing of rice. Bacteria capable of decreasing ammonia production were enriched in a selective medium, separated by the striating plate method, and re-screened according to the bacteria's ammonia reduction rate. Bacteria that were highly effective in reducing ammonia were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Nitrogen utilization, urease production, and hemolytic properties of these bacteria were determined. Three bacterial strains(bacterium Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ)capable of reducing ammonia production were screened from the surface soil near the soil-water interface of the paddy field using the selective medium. Bacterium Ⅱ had the highest ammonia reduction rate(maximum 88.60%)and was identified as Lysobacter defluvii by morphological characterization and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. After bacterium Ⅱ was inoculated into an ammonia- and nitrate-rich medium, the ammonium nitrogen concentration in the medium decreased from 25.00 mg·L-1 to 9.85 mg·L-1 (60.60% reduction), and the nitrate nitrogen concentration decreased from 34.00 mg·L-1 to 3.85 mg·L-1(88.68% reduction), indicating the efficiency of bacterium Ⅱ in utilizing ammonia and nitrate. Physiological and biochemical identification results showed that bacterium Ⅱ did not produce urease and did not accelerate ammonia production from urea. Additionally, it did not display hemolysis and was poorly pathogenic in humans. The collective results suggested that the indigenous bacterium screened from the rice paddy effectively decreased ammonia production at ambient conditions. Bacterium Ⅱ has great potential to reduce ammonia volatilization caused by urea topdressing in rice fields, and great application prospects in rice production. |
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