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| Effects of agrochemicals on soil bacterial diversity and functions in the coastal tidal-flat area of Sansha Bay |
| Received:February 26, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:glyphosate;chlorpyrifos;coastal tidal-flat soil;bacterial community;metabolism functions |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | TANG Mingqiang | School of Food and Bio-engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China
Engineering Research Center of Modern Facility Agriculture of Fujian University, Fuqing 350300, China | | WU Chengyan | School of Food and Bio-engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China | | HE Aiming | School of Food and Bio-engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China | | ZHU Hanxin | School of Food and Bio-engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China | | LIN Zengyan | School of Food and Bio-engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China | | YANG Jiayi | School of Food and Bio-engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of the herbicide glyphosate and the insecticide chlorpyrifos on the bacterial community structure and diversity of Sansha Bay tidal-flat soil, a five-point sampling method was employed to collect tidal-flat soil along the coastal area of Dongwu Ocean in Xiapu County, Fujian Province in March 2021. The pesticide addition test was conducted indoors to simulate the natural environment. Three concentration gradients were used for glyphosate (5, 25 mg·kg-1, and 125 mg·kg-1) and chlorpyrifos(6, 30 mg·kg-1, and 150 mg·kg-1). The treatment duration was 3 days and 10 days, and tidal-flat soil without pesticides was utilized as a control. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq PE300 second -generation high-throughput sequencing platform to examine differences in community structure and function among the various treated soil communities and their influencing factors. The results demonstrated that glyphosate and chlorpyrifos significantly reduced the bacterial α diversity in Sansha Bay beach soil (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the dominant flora in the tidal soil included Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and ε-Proteobacteria (Epsilonbacteraeota), accounting for 32.69%, 20.38%, 12.46%, and 9.14%, respectively. Following pesticide treatment, the predominant bacterial flora consisted of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the control soil was primarily dominated by deep-sea Thalassobacillus, Marinobacter, Sulfurovum, and Bacillus. After pesticide treatment, the dominant bacteria Marinobacter and Bacillus exhibited significant expansion, while other genera showed varying degrees of decline. The Tax4Fun functional analysis results revealed that the functional groups in each treated tidal-flat soil were primarily concentrated in the metabolic aspect, with bacterial functions being distributed across 38 different metabolic pathways. Amino acid metabolism, isobiotic degradation and metabolism, lipid metabolism, terpenoids and the same metabolism, and environmental information processing in terms of membrane transport, cell movement, and cell transport assimilation function were significantly enhanced by pesticide treatment. Conversely, energy metabolism, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, and genetic information processing functions weakened to varying degrees. These findings indicate that the addition of chemical pesticides reduced the diversity of soil bacterial communities in Sandanna Bay beach, and the loss of microbial diversity can alter the function of the ecosystem and reduce its stability. |
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