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| Effects of cattle manure on carbon and nitrogen transformation and fungal communities during composting of Agaricus bisporus fungus residues |
| Received:January 11, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:composting;spent mushroom substrate;cattle manure;fungal community;carbon and nitrogen transformation;core fungus |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Mengmeng | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | | | FAN Bowen | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | | | ZHAO Liqin | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | | | SUN Ning | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | | | YANG Fengjun | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | yangfengjun@byau.edu.com | | TIAN Limei | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | | | WU Xia | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to reveal the effect of cattle manure on fungal community dynamics and its effect on carbon and nitrogen transformation during the composting process of Agaricus bisporus fungus residues. The changes in the composition and structure of fungal communities during the composting of cattle manure and fungus residues were explored using high-throughput sequencing, and the relationships between fungal communities and their carbon and nitrogen fractions were analyzed using bioinformatics. Cattle manure and A. bisporus fungus residues were employed as the research objects. The method of strip composting was used for 42 days. Two treatments, CK （100% A. bisporus residue）and CD（A. bisporus residue∶cattle manure=7∶3）were used in this study. Compared with the CK, the CD treatment reduced the total organic carbon（TOC）by 2.17%, increased carbon and nitrogen during the decomposition period by 48.69% and 4.01%, respectively, and raised the germination index（GI）by 49.33%. The addition of cattle manure increased the abundance and diversity of fungal communities in the compost, with high pile temperatures and an extended high temperature period of 23 days. Cysticercus and Stenotrophomonas were the dominant phyla in both treatments; the relative abundance of Duddingtonia, Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, and Thermomyces in the CD treatment was higher than that of CK, favoring carbon and nitrogen transformation. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to construct a network model, analyze and screen out the core fungi related to carbon and nitrogen conversion, with two core fungal genera associated with TOC in the CD treatment（50% positive correlation）and seven genera associated with TOC in the CK treatment（28.6% positive correlation）. The co-occurrence network of fungal residue-cattle manure co-composting was more associative and complex, with reduced competition between fungal communities, lower mean pathway lengths, and more sensitive networks. The addition of cattle manure to fungus residue compost altered the relationships among core fungi, TOC, and total nitrogen（TN） exhibiting a positive correlation between TOC core fungi and TOC in the CD treatment and a negative correlation in the CK treatment. There was a significant positive correlation of TN core bacteria with TN in both treatments and a negative correlation with TOC. The combination of fungus residue and cattle manure can quickly heat the compost pile, thereby prolonging its high temperature period. By increasing the interaction with other microorganisms, the core fungi can influence carbon and nitrogen transformation, reduce total organic carbon loss rate, and improve compost quality. |
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