鸭粪厌氧消化过程的质能平衡研究

王 星; 刘惠萍; 周 俊; 罗伟中

文章摘要

王星,刘惠萍,周俊,罗伟中.鸭粪厌氧消化过程的质能平衡研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(9):1886-1892.

鸭粪厌氧消化过程的质能平衡研究

The Mass and Energy Balance Research on the Anaerobic Digestion of Duck Droppings

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.09.026

中文关键词: 鸭粪厌氧消化质能平衡

英文关键词: duck droppings anaerobic digestion mass and energy balance

基金项目:

作者	单位
王星	上海齐耀动力技术有限公司
刘惠萍	上海市发展改革研究院
周俊	上海齐耀动力技术有限公司
罗伟中	上海齐耀动力技术有限公司

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中文摘要:

以鸭粪为原料，利用小型厌氧装置开展了厌氧消化工艺的实验研究。实验建立了3个进料浓度梯度，通过逐步提高进料料浆的浓度，研究了在不同进料负荷率情况下，厌氧消化系统的变化趋势，分析了进料负荷率与挥发性脂肪酸、总碱度、氨氮浓度的变化关系。通过建立质量平衡模型发现，当进料负荷率在4.17、8.33、12.5 kg TS·m-3·d-1时，单位TS产气率分别为0.34、0.26、0.19 m3·kg-1 TS，对应的一级反应动力学常数k值分别为0.29、0.17、0.06 d-1，鸭粪理论TS产气率为0.44 m3·kg-1 TS。经过对进料、出料热值的分析，当有机负荷率为8.33 kg TS·m-3·d-1，进入厌氧系统的鸭粪有45.36%转变为甲烷、47.05%转变为残余物、7.6%转化为热量散失（或被微生物自身利用）。研究认为当单位TS产气率达到理论TS产气率的60%~70%时，此时的停留时间、进料负荷是最为经济的，这一原则适合普通厌氧消化工程的设计及运行。

英文摘要:

To investigate the fermentation features of duck droppings at different loading rates, a lab scale fermentation process for the anaerobic treatment of duck droppings was carried out with an integrated bio-reacor. The experiment set up three step-wisely increased loading rates. The effects of volatile fatty acid ,total alkalinity, ammonia nitrogen, retention time and loading rates on fermentation process were studied. With the mass balance equations, a theoretical yield of biogas（0.44 m3·kg-1 TS） was achieved. At steady state, the yields of biogas were found to be 0.29 d-1, 0.17 d-1, 0.06 d-1, values for first order kinetics were obtained as 0.29 d-1、0.17 d-1、0.06 d-1 when loading rates were set at 4.17 kg TS·m-3·d-1（TS=5%）， 8.33 kg TS·m-3·d-1（TS=10%）, 12.5 kg TS·m-3·d-1（TS=15%）, respectively. According to the energy value analysis, 45.36% heat value from duck droppings were converted to methane, 47.05% to residues and 7.6% were lost as waste heat when loading rate was set at 8.33 kg TS·m-3·d-1. The research shows that the optimal loading rate and retention time can be obtained when biogas yield is equivalent to 60%~70% of the theoretical biogas yield. The present research achievements can apply for dimensioning completely stirred tank reactors digestion organic wastes from food processing industries, animal waste slurries or biogas crops.

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