磷硅肥配施抑制华南地区水稻籽粒砷积累的效果

张琳; 卢瑛

文章摘要

张琳,卢瑛.磷硅肥配施抑制华南地区水稻籽粒砷积累的效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(6):1042-1047.

磷硅肥配施抑制华南地区水稻籽粒砷积累的效果

Effects of phosphorus and silicon applications on arsenic accumulation in rice grains in South China

投稿时间：2015-08-25

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.06.004

中文关键词: 砷积累磷硅肥水稻盆栽试验华南地区

英文关键词: arsenic accumulation phosphorus and silicon fertilizer rice pot experiment South China

基金项目:广东省科技计划项目(2013B020310009,2009B020311011)

作者	单位	E-mail
张琳	华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430070 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642
卢瑛	华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642	luying@scau.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

选取华南地区广泛种植的杂交水稻品种“培杂泰丰”,利用外源添加砷(50 mg·kg^-1)的土壤盆栽试验,研究不同施用量的磷硅肥对水稻生长特性和砷积累的影响。结果表明,施用磷硅肥的处理,水稻糙米中砷含量为0.504~0.586 mg·kg^-1,低于农业部颁布的粮食中砷限量标准(NY 861—2004)中大米砷限值。相关性分析表明,水稻糙米砷含量与水稻植株的生物量、稻谷千粒重和秸秆中硅/砷摩尔比呈显著负相关,与秸秆中磷/砷摩尔比呈极显著负相关;糙米的砷含量随磷、硅肥的施加而降低。综合分析表明,在华南地区同类中度砷污染土壤中可有效控制砷向水稻籽粒运输累积的磷、硅肥最优施加量及配比为40 mg P·kg^-1土、50 mg Si·kg^-1土。

英文摘要:

Phosphorus(P) and silicon(Si) have showed the ability to reduce arsenic(As) uptake by plants from soils. Here a pot experiment was conducted in a soil spiked with 50 mg·kg^-1 arsenic to study the effects of different rates of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers on growth and arsenic accumulation of a hybrid rice cultivar, PeizaTaifeng, which is widely planted in South China. Results showed that after applications of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers,arsenic content in rice grains ranged from 0.504 to 0.586 mg·kg^-1, lower than the limit of arsenic in rice grains(NY 861—2004) enacted by the China Ministry of Agriculture. Correlation analyses showed that arsenic content in rice grains had significantly negative correlation with rice plant biomass, thousand seed weight, Si/As molar ratio in straw, and extremely significant negative correlation with P/As molar ratio in straw. Arsenic concentrations in grains decreased with increasing rates of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers. The present findings suggest that the optimum application rates of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers for rice grown in arsenic polluted soil would be 40 mg P·kg^-1 soil and 50 mg Si·kg^-1 soil in the South China area.

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