| 严骁,贾燕,王美欢,许榕发,郑晶,任明忠.农村垃圾小型焚烧炉烟气污染物排放特征及影响因素研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(4):820-824. |
| 农村垃圾小型焚烧炉烟气污染物排放特征及影响因素研究 |
| Emission characteristics and the environmental influence of pollutants in flue gas from small waste incinerators |
| 投稿时间：2017-08-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1170 |
| 中文关键词: 农村垃圾 小型焚烧设施 烟气污染物 二噁英 重金属 |
| 英文关键词: rural waste small waste incinerator flue gas pollutant dioxin heavy metal |
| 基金项目:广东省省级科技计划项目（2014B020216006） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 严骁 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室, 广州 510655 | | | 贾燕 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室, 广州 510655 | | | 王美欢 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室, 广州 510655 | | | 许榕发 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室, 广州 510655 | | | 郑晶 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室, 广州 510655 | | | 任明忠 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室, 广州 510655 | renmingzhong@scies.org |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究小型农村垃圾焚烧炉烟气中污染物的排放情况，选取了7个日处理规模在5~12 t之间的垃圾焚烧炉，对烟气中二噁英、重金属及洗涤废水中重金属开展监测分析，同时研究不同热处理方式和烟气处理工艺组合对烟气中污染物排放的影响。结果表明：7个小型垃圾焚烧炉烟气中二噁英和重金属浓度差别较大，二噁英浓度范围为0.038~24.87 ng TEQ·m-3，Pb和Hg的浓度范围分别为0.013~0.576 mg·m-3和0.314~579 μg·m-3，Cd浓度仅3个样品高于检出限，总Cr浓度均低于检出限。对照《生活垃圾污染物控制标准》（GB 18485-2014）规定的限值，仅1个样品二噁英排放达标，所有样品的总Cr和Pb、6个样品的Cd和4个样品的Hg排放达标。4个洗涤废水样品中仅Hg有检出，范围为0.54~0.79 μg·m-3。研究表明：不同焚烧工艺和烟气处理工艺的小型农村垃圾焚烧炉烟气中污染物浓度存在较大差异，对比不同的焚烧工艺发现，热解气化比简易焚烧的烟气二噁英低；对于不同的烟气处理工艺，碱液水洗对烟气Hg去除效果较好，活性炭吸附+布袋除尘的组合工艺对烟气中二噁英及多种重金属污染物均有较好去除效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Seven incinerators, with a daily processing capacity of 5~12 tons, were selected to study the pollutants in flue gas emitted from typical small waste incinerators in rural areas. Dioxins and heavy metals in the flue gas, as well as heavy metals in the washing wastewater, were analyzed. The effects of the incineration processes and gas treatments on the contaminants in flue gas were also investigated. The levels of dioxins and heavy metals in flue gas samples differed significantly in the seven incinerators. The toxic equivalent concentrations range for dioxin was 0.038~24.87 ng TEQ·m-3. The concentration ranges for Pb and Hg were 0.013~0.576 mg·m-3 and 0.314~579 μg·m-3, respectively. However, the Cd concentrations in four samples and all the Cr concentrations were lower than the detection limit. Compared with the pollution control standard for the municipal solid waste incineration(GB 18485-2014), only one flue gas sample had a toxic equivalent concentration of dioxins under the standard limit, while the Cr and Pb concentrations in all seven samples, Cd in six samples, and Hg in four samples were under the standard limit. In the four washing wastewater samples, only Hg was detected, with a concentration range of 0.54~0.79 μg·m-3. A comparison of the different incineration processes showed that thermal decomposition produced lower dioxins concentrations in the flue gas than simple incineration. Alkali washing was more effective at Hg removal than other gas treatments. Active carbon combined with a bag-type dust collector had favorable effects on dioxins and heavy metal removal. |
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