文章摘要
石礼虎,田书磊,吴宗儒,周睫雅,吴骞,王嵯,周秀艳,吴昊.红霉素对蔬菜萌发的胁迫效应及土壤环境风险表征[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(9):2022-2031.
红霉素对蔬菜萌发的胁迫效应及土壤环境风险表征
Stress-related effects of erythromycin on vegetable sprouting and characterization of soil environmental risks
投稿时间:2023-12-14  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2023-1073
中文关键词: 红霉素  蔬菜  胁迫效应  影响机制  风险表征
英文关键词: erythromycin  vegetable  stress effect  mechanism  risk characterization
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
石礼虎 东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 沈阳 110819
中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院, 河北 秦皇岛 066004 
 
田书磊 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
吴宗儒 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
周睫雅 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
吴骞 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
王嵯 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
周秀艳 东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院, 河北 秦皇岛 066004 zxy@neuq.edu.cn 
吴昊 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
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中文摘要:
      为健全红霉素的陆生生物毒性数据并对红霉素在土壤环境中的风险进行表征,本研究选用生菜、油菜、油麦菜和白菜为供试蔬菜进行红霉素不同浓度下的水培试验和盆栽实验,探究了红霉素对蔬菜种子萌发的胁迫效应和机制,通过ECOTOX数据库搜集相关数据,得出红霉素在淡水环境和土壤环境中的预测无效应浓度(PNEC),并根据盆栽实验结果对红霉素进入土壤后的环境风险进行了表征。结果表明:在红霉素胁迫下,供试4种蔬菜种子的发芽率无明显变化,根长均受到显著抑制;红霉素胁迫抑制了蔬菜种子的相对吸水量,促进了膜渗透性和幼苗体内的过氧化氢酶活性;供试4种蔬菜对红霉素的敏感程度为油菜>生菜>油麦菜>白菜,半抑制浓度依次为29.387、64.075、69.255 mg·L-1和127.681 mg·L-1,红霉素在淡水和土壤中的PNEC分别为0.2 μg·L-1和0.11 mg·kg-1,当盆栽土壤中的红霉素含量超过250 mg·kg-1时土壤环境风险较高。研究表明,根长可作为红霉素的毒性敏感指标,油菜可作为红霉素毒性指示作物,红霉素影响蔬菜种子萌发的主要机制为渗透胁迫,红霉素菌渣肥料化产物进入土壤环境中的最高红霉素含量应控制在250 mg·kg-1以内。
英文摘要:
      To complement the terrestrial biotoxicity data on erythromycin and characterize the risk of erythromycin in the soil environment, seed hydroponics experiments at different erythromycin concentrations were conducted. The test vegetables in this study included lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort), Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa var. chinensis Kitamura), romaine lettuce(Lactuca sativa var. longifoliaf. Lam), and cabbage(Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel). The following test indices were used:seed germination rate, seedling shoot length, root length, catalase activity, relative water uptake, and relative membrane permeability. Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC)of erythromycin in freshwater and soil environments was obtained by collecting relevant data through the ECOTOX database. The environmental risk to erythromycin after its entry into the soil was explored based on the results of potting experiments. The results showed that under conditions involving erythromycin stress, no significant effect was observed on the germination rate of the four vegetable seeds in the test, and root length increase was significantly inhibited in all of them. Erythromycin stress inhibited the relative water uptake of vegetable seeds and promoted membrane permeability and catalase activity in seedlings. The sensitivity of the four vegetables to erythromycin followed the order:Chinese cabbage>lettuce>romaine lettuce>cabbage, with IC50 values of 29.387, 64.075, 69.255 mg·L-1, and 127.681 mg·L-1, respectively. The PNEC of erythromycin in freshwater and soil were 0.2 μg·L-1 and 0.11 mg·kg-1, respectively. Soil environmental risk is high when erythromycin content in the potting soil exceeds 250 mg·kg-1. Studies have shown that root elongation can be used as a sensitive indicator of erythromycin toxicity and that oilseed rape can be used as an indicator crop for erythromycin toxicity. The main mechanism was influenced by the effects of osmotic stress. The erythromycin concentration should be regulated to maintain a maximum content of 250 mg·kg-1 in the soil environment.
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