| 潘小梅,彭潇,张登炽,王贵胤,熊丙全,张世熔.废弃物发酵液淋洗去除土壤重金属的效率、机理及生态风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(10):2310-2320. |
| 废弃物发酵液淋洗去除土壤重金属的效率、机理及生态风险 |
| Efficiency, mechanism and ecological risk of removing heavy metals from soils by fermentation broth of agricultural wastes |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-19 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0334 |
| 中文关键词: 生物质材料 果皮渣 发酵液 土壤淋洗 重金属 |
| 英文关键词: biomass materials peel pomace fermentation broth soil washing heavy metal |
| 基金项目:四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2023YFS0483);成都农业科技职业学院科研基金项目(22ZR101,23BS01,21LQ06) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为寻找修复重金属污染土壤的高效、绿色材料，本实验采用菠萝皮渣、哈密瓜皮渣等农业废弃物，并添加乳酸菌进行发酵制得富含有机酸的高效淋洗剂，并分析淋洗剂浓度、pH、淋洗时间以及淋洗次数等参数对土壤重金属镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）的去除效率、机理及生态风险。结果表明：与未发酵浸提液相比，乳酸菌发酵液可以提升土壤Cd、Pb、Zn的去除率14.27%~20.76%；且随着淋洗剂浓度增加、pH降低、淋洗时间延长及淋洗次数的增加，Cd、Pb、Zn的去除率显著提升；菠萝皮渣发酵液淋洗3次后，土壤中残留的Cd和Zn含量均低于国家土壤质量标准（GB 15618—2018）中农用地的限值，表明利用乳酸菌发酵制得的淋洗剂可作为一种绿色高效的土壤重金属修复材料。发酵液多次淋洗后，土壤中Cd、Zn的环境风险和生物有效性降低，移动性减弱，稳定性增强；而重金属Pb总量降低，但移动性增强，其安全性仍值得关注。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study agricultural wastes such as pineapple peel and cantaloupe peel residue were fermented by adding lactic acid bacteria to produce the high-efficiency and green materials for removing heavy metals from soils, and the removal efficiency, mechanism and ecological risk of cadmium（Cd）, lead（Pb）and zinc（Zn）in soils were investigated. Results showed that the removal rates of Cd, Pb and Zn improved by 14.27%-20.76% via washing with fermented eluents. The removal rates of Cd, Pb and Zn increased significantly by increasing of eluent concentration, decreasing of the pH values, and appropriately prolongating of the washing time. Increasing the number of leaching times can effectively remove heavy metals from the soil particles. Interestingly, after three times washing by pineapple peel fermentation broth, the residual Cd and Zn in soils were lower than the limits in the national soil quality standards for agricultural land（GB 15618—2018）. Moreover, the environmental risk and bioavailability of Cd and Zn decreased and their stability was enhanced. While the total amount of Pb decreased, its mobility was enhanced. Therefore, fermentation broth from agricultural wastes by inoculating with lactic acid bacteria is an effective and ecofriendly practice for removing of Cd and Zn from soils, and further study on the environmental risk of Pb can be performed. |
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