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| 有机固废与沼液共水热炭化产物对土壤特性及大豆生长的调控效应 |
| Effects of co-hydrothermal carbonization products derived from organic solid waste and biogas slurry on soil amendment and soybean growth regulation |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-12 修订日期：2025-04-15 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆，污泥，沼液，水热炭，炭化液，土壤养分 |
| 英文关键词: straw, sludge, biogas, hydrochar, hydrothermal liquid, soil nutrients |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（42275014）；塔里木大学校长基金项目（TDZKCX202404）；兵团财政科技计划项目（2022CB001-01; 2021DB019）；新疆现代农业产业技术体系（XJARS-06）,国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对玉米/棉花秸秆等农业固体废弃物与市政污泥协同处置的技术需求，本研究创新性地采用养殖沼液作为反应介质，开展农业秸秆-市政污泥体系水热炭化及其产物环境效应研究。通过土壤培养试验系统评价棉花秸秆水热炭（MHC）、玉米水热炭（YHC）、污泥水热炭（SHC）、污泥-棉花复合炭（SMHC）和污泥-玉米复合炭（SYHC）对土壤的改良效果；并采用萌发袋水培法探究棉花秸秆炭化液（MAP）、玉米秸秆炭化液（YAP）、市政污泥炭化液（SAP）、污泥-棉花炭化液（SMAP）、污泥-玉米炭化液（SYAP）对大豆幼苗的生理生长的影响。结果表明：水热炭可显著改善土壤结构，各处理组土壤含水率较CK提升16.2%–77.5%， pH值降低0.40–0.98，盐分含量下降55.7%–59.7%。同时各处理水热炭能有效提升土壤养分水平，SHC处理全氮、全磷含量分别增加96.8%和56.5%，YHC处理全钾含量提高45.7%。各处理组碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量较CK分别提高15.4%–61.1%、26.6%–127.5%和8.6%–39.2%。冗余分析的结果表明，土壤碱解氮和速效磷是影响植物生长的主要因素。炭化液对大豆幼苗生长具有剂量依赖性调控作用，处理组株高、叶面积、茎粗、主根长度较CK分别提高1.3%–65.3%、11.8%–41.4%、0.9%–20.3%、5.5%–27.4%。值得注意的是，YHAP和SYHAP处理显著促进茎粗发育，而SAP处理对根系伸长呈现抑制作用。本研究为有机固废-沼液协同资源化利用提供了理论依据和技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the technical need for co-disposal of agricultural solid wastes (e.g., corn/cotton stalks) and municipal sludge, this study innovatively employed biogas slurry as a reaction medium to investigate the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of agricultural stalk-municipal sludge systems and the environmental effects of their derived products. Soil incubation experiments were conducted to systematically evaluate the soil amendment effects of cotton stalk hydrochar (MHC), corn stalk hydrochar (YHC), sludge hydrochar (SHC), sludge-cotton composite hydrochar (SMHC), and sludge-corn composite hydrochar (SYHC). Additionally, a germination pouch hydroponic system was employed to explore the physiological and growth impacts of cotton stalk carbonization liquid (MAP), corn stalk carbonization liquid (YAP), sludge carbonization liquid (SAP), sludge-cotton carbonization liquid (SMAP), and sludge-corn carbonization liquid (SYAP) on soybean seedlings. Key results demonstrated that hydrochars significantly improved soil structure: soil moisture content increased by 16.2%–77.5% compared to the control (CK), pH decreased by 0.40–0.98 units, and salt content declined by 55.7%–59.7%. Hydrochars also enhanced soil nutrient levels, with SHC increasing total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) by 96.8% and 56.5%, respectively, and YHC elevating total potassium (TK) by 45.7%. Alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) rose by 15.4%–61.1%, 26.6%–127.5%, and 8.6%–39.2%, respectively, across treatments. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified AN and AP as primary factors influencing plant growth. Carbonization liquids exhibited dose-dependent regulation on soybean growth: plant height, leaf area, stem diameter, and taproot length increased by 1.3%–65.3%, 11.8%–41.4%, 0.9%–20.3%, and 5.5%–27.4%, respectively, compared to CK. Notably, YHAP and SYHAP treatments significantly promoted stem thickening, while SAP inhibited root elongation. This study provides theoretical and technical support for synergistic resource utilization of organic solid waste and biogas slurry. |
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