| 段亚军,吴洪生,李贞伟,李妍慧,陈光耀,刘政,胡凤义,马文舟,周国华,王晓云,池金和,陆东明,顾晓明.畜禽粪便堆肥过程中CH4和N2O减排研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(4):869-879. |
| 畜禽粪便堆肥过程中CH4和N2O减排研究进展 |
| Review of progress on CH4 and N2O emissions mitigation during livestock and poultry manure composting |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0211 |
| 中文关键词: 畜禽粪便 堆肥 CH4 N2O 温室气体减排 |
| 英文关键词: livestock manure composting CH4 N2O mitigating GHG emissions |
| 基金项目:江苏省中央农业资源及生态保护补助资金科技项目〔苏农计（2020）16〕；江苏省中央农业资源及生态保护补助资金科技项目[苏财农（2020）33] |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 段亚军 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院农业资源与环境系, 南京 210044 | | | 吴洪生 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院农业资源与环境系, 南京 210044 | yzwhs@126.com | | 李贞伟 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院农业资源与环境系, 南京 210044 | | | 李妍慧 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院农业资源与环境系, 南京 210044 | | | 陈光耀 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院农业资源与环境系, 南京 210044 | | | 刘政 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院农业资源与环境系, 南京 210044 | | | 胡凤义 | 淮安市地力宝生态肥有限公司, 江苏 淮安 211700 | | | 马文舟 | 盱眙县农业技术推广中心耕保站, 江苏 淮安 211700 | | | 周国华 | 盱眙县农业技术推广中心耕保站, 江苏 淮安 211700 | | | 王晓云 | 兴化市现代农业技术服务中心, 江苏 泰州 225700 | | | 池金和 | 滨海县土壤肥料站, 江苏 盐城 224500 | | | 陆东明 | 苏州环优检测技术有限公司, 江苏 苏州 215311 | | | 顾晓明 | 苏州环优检测技术有限公司, 江苏 苏州 215311 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 堆肥是畜禽粪便资源化利用的重要技术手段，但堆肥过程中势必会产生和排放大量温室气体（CH4 、CO2、N2O），其中CH4 和N2O因具有很高的增温潜势，近年来受到人们重点关注。本文调研了大量国内外文献，根据现有资料系统阐述了畜禽粪便堆肥过程中温室气体的产生机制及影响因素，并深入探讨了堆肥过程中温室气体减排调控措施，以期为堆肥过程中温室气体减排提供理论基础和技术指导。物理添加剂在堆肥过程中温室气体减排领域应用较多且效果较好，尤其是生物炭备受关注，其主要通过影响堆肥微环境、影响微生物活性、吸附或参与反应来实现温室气体减排；中药材添加剂可以减少田间土壤温室气体排放，在堆肥中是否具有减排效果及其机制还不明确。化学抑制剂（不包括硝化抑制剂）主要通过影响堆肥pH来影响温室气体排放，而硝化抑制剂抑制N2O排放具有明显优势。微生物添加剂主要通过影响微生物代谢来影响温室气体排放。未来应加强中药材对堆肥温室气体减排的研究，并进一步探寻堆肥过程中高效稳定的减排添加剂，特别是能够实现CH4 和N2O协同减排的添加剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Composting is an important technical means for the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. However, a large amount of greenhouse gases（CH4, CO2, N2O）will be produced and emitted during the composting process. Given this aspect, this paper investigates a large number of domestic and foreign literature, systematically reviews the mechanism and influencing factors of greenhouse gas generation in the composting process of livestock and poultry manure according to the existing data, and deeply discusses the control measures of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation in the composting process, to provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in the composting process. Physical additives have been widely used in the field of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation during composting with good effects. In particular, biochar has attracted much attention, mainly through affecting the composting microenvironment, influencing microbial activity, adsorption or participation in the reaction to achieve greenhouse gas emissions decreasing. Chinese herbal medicine additives can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from field soil. Whether they have mitigation effects and their mechanisms in composting are still unclear. Chemical inhibitors（excluding nitrification inhibitors）mainly affect greenhouse gas emissions by affecting compost pH, while nitrification inhibitors have obvious advantages in inhibiting N2O emissions. Microbial additives mainly impact greenhouse gas emissions by affecting microbial metabolism. In the future, we should strengthen the research on the emission reduction of greenhouse gases from composting by Chinese herbal medicines, and further explore the efficient and stable emission reduction additives for greenhouse gases during composting, especially the additives that can achieve synergistic emission reduction of CH4 and N2O. |
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