| 宗莉,林红霞,苗宁涛,牟斌.矿物生物炭对马铃薯品质与土壤肥力的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(4):1056-1065. |
| 矿物生物炭对马铃薯品质与土壤肥力的影响 |
| Effects of mineral biochar on potato quality and soil fertility |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-08 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0150 |
| 中文关键词: 矿物生物炭 马铃薯 品质 土壤肥力 土壤酶活性 |
| 英文关键词: mineral biochar potato quality soil fertility soil enzyme activity |
| 基金项目:甘肃省重点研发计划项目（21YF5FA137）；甘肃省科技计划重大项目（21ZD4GA001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本试验旨在从矿物视角探究油页岩半焦资源化利用可行途径，通过热解炭化处理油页岩半焦，将其转化为矿物生物炭，用于马铃薯种植。分析了矿物生物炭的理化性质，以天薯10号马铃薯为试验对象评估了其应用可行性，研究了矿物生物炭不同用量对土壤理化性质、酶活性和马铃薯产量的影响。成分分析发现矿物生物炭不仅含C、N、P、K等作物生长必需元素，还含有Ca、Mg、Si和Fe等微量元素，重金属元素在农业生产安全范围内；FIRT结果表明热解炭化后油页岩半焦表面官能团芳香化程度增大；田间试验结果表明，随着矿物生物炭施用量的增加，土壤pH和含盐量都呈上升趋势，但土壤有机质、有效磷、阳离子交换量、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶活性先增加后降低；块茎的淀粉和干物质含量呈先升高后降低（P>0.05），维生素C和还原糖含量逐渐增加且与对照差异达到显著水平（P<0.05）。马铃薯产量和商品薯产量也随施用量的增加先增加后降低，当施用750 kg·hm-2时二者产量达到最高（P<0.05），分别是对照的2.00倍和2.09倍。研究表明，矿物生物炭对改善土壤质量和马铃薯产量、品质具有积极作用，其中750 kg·hm-2施用量最为适宜。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to evaluate the resource utilization potential of oil shale semi-coke into mineral biochar by pyrolysis carbonization for potato cultivation. The physicochemical properties and practical feasibility of mineral biochar were characterized and evaluated using Tianshu No. 10 as the experimental object. The effect of the added amount of mineral biochar on soil parameters, enzyme activity, and potato yields was studied. The component analysis indicated that mineral biochar contained essential elements of C, N, P, and K for the crop growth, and trace elements of Ca, Mg, Si, and Fe as well, while the content of heavy metals in mineral biochar was within the safe range of agricultural production. Moreover, the FIRT results suggested an increase in the degree of aromatization of surface functional groups after being carbonizated. The field trial results revealed that the soil pH and salinity presented rising trend with the increase in the added amount of mineral biochar, but the soil organic matter, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, soil sucrose, alkaline phosphatase and urease activities initially increased and decreased afterwards. Furthermore, the content of starch and dry matter in potato tubers also first increased and then decreased（P<0.05）, while the content of vitamin C and reducing sugar increased gradually and reached a significant level with the increasing amount of mineral biochar （P<0.05）. Compared with the control groups without addition of mineral biochar, the potato and commercial potato yields also increased first and then decreased with the increase in the added amount of mineral biochar, and the yield of them reached the highest after incorporation of 750 kg·hm-2（P<0.05）. In conclusion, this study findings indicated that mineral biochar application presented a positive effect on the soil quality, potato productivity and quality, and the optimal recommended dosage was 750 kg· hm-2. |
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