| 刘增,朱飘,潘文涛,石磊,骆艳娜,景建元,陈晓辉,熊启中,叶新新.秸秆源人工腐植酸的结构特征及其对玉米种子萌发的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(7):1893-1901. |
| 秸秆源人工腐植酸的结构特征及其对玉米种子萌发的影响 |
| Structural characteristics of straw-derived artificial humic acid and their effects on maize seed germination |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0819 |
| 中文关键词: 水热反应 水稻秸秆 人工腐植酸 结构 种子萌发 |
| 英文关键词: hydrothermal reaction rice straw artificial humic acid structure seed germination |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1700205）；国家自然科学基金项目（32402678）；安徽省教育厅科研项目（2024AH050454）；安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202310364240） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探究秸秆源人工腐植酸是否具有刺激植物生长的生物活性，并基于腐植酸结构特征分析其内在机制，本研究以水稻秸秆为原料，利用水热反应合成了人工腐植酸（A-HA），并以风化煤腐植酸（M-HA）作为对照，分析了两种腐植酸的元素组成、官能团类型，以及分子量分布等的差异，研究了不同浓度的M-HA和A-HA溶液浸种对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响及其机制。结果表明：与M-HA相比，A-HA的腐殖化程度低，酸性官能团少，其总酸度、羧基和酚羟基含量分别比M-HA显著降低了50.8%、41.7%和76.5%（P<0.05）；与M-HA相比，A-HA含有更多的小分子组分。与M-HA相同，A-HA也具有双亲性，但A-HA的疏水性碳主要来源于烷基碳（0~45 ppm）和芳香碳（110~160 ppm），而M-HA的疏水性碳主要为芳香碳。使用1 mg·L-1（以碳计）的M-HA与10 mg·L-1（以碳计）的A-HA溶液浸泡玉米种子，均使玉米种子的发芽率（GR）达到了100%，且与不添加腐植酸的对照处理相比，玉米种子的发芽指数（GI）、发芽势（GP）、侧根数（NLR），以及侧根长（LRL）分别显著提高了51.7%与29.5%、42.2%与34.3%、48.1%与33.3%，以及58.2%与39.0%（P<0.05）。研究表明，尽管A-HA在结构与组成上与M-HA存在差异，但其展现出与M-HA相似的生物活性，能够有效刺激种子萌发与幼苗生长，具有开发为植物生长刺激剂的潜能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate whether straw-derived artificial humic acids possess biological activity that stimulates plant growth, and to analyze the underlying mechanism based on the structural features of humic acids. In this study, artificial humic acid（A-HA）was synthesized from rice straw through a hydrothermal reaction, while weathered coal humic acid was selected as a representative of M-HA, which was used as a control. Elemental compositions, functional group types, and molecular weights of the two humic acids were analyzed. The effects of different concentrations of M-HA and A-HA solutions on seed germination and seedling growth of maize were studied, along with its potential mechanism. The results indicated that, in comparison with M-HA, A-HA exhibited a lower degree of humification and fewer acidic functional group, with a significant reduction in total acidity, carboxyl, and phenolic hydroxyl contents by 50.8%, 41.7%, and 76.5%（P<0.05）, respectively. However, A-HA contained a higher proportion of small molecule fractions compared to M-HA. Similar to M-HA, A-HA exhibited amphiphilic properties. However, the hydrophobic C in A-HA was primarily derived from alkyl-C（0-45 ppm） and aromatic-C（110-160 ppm）, whereas M-HA′s hydrophobic C was primarily derived from aromatic-C. Soaking maize seeds in solutions containing 1 mg·L-1（calculated as C, the same below）of M-HA and 10 mg·L-1 of A-HA resulted in a germination rate（GR）of 100%, and compared to the control treatment without humic acids, the germination index（GI）, germination potential（GP）, number of lateral roots（NLR）, and length of lateral roots（LRL）were significantly improved by 51.7% and 29.5%, 42.2% and 34.3%, 48.1% and 33.3%, and 58.2% and 39.0%, respectively（P<0.05）. In summary, although A-HA differs from M-HA in terms of structure and composition, it similarly stimulates seed germination and seedling growth, demonstrating its potential to be developed as a plant growth stimulant. |
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