| 赵炜,张丽霞,王集宁,孔祥意,吕建树.山东省典型金矿区土壤重金属定量源解析及空间预测[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(11):2922-2934. |
| 山东省典型金矿区土壤重金属定量源解析及空间预测 |
| Source apportionment and spatial prediction of soil heavy metals in typical gold mining area of Shandong Province |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-23 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0910 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤重金属 源解析 空间分布 影响因素 金矿区 |
| 英文关键词: heavy metals in soil source apportionment spatial distribution influencing factor gold mining area |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2021MD041，ZR2020YQ31） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究金矿区土壤重金属来源及其空间分布规律，本研究以山东省莱州市和招远市的金矿密集地带为研究区域，系统开展表层土壤样品采集及重金属分析测试，利用正定矩阵因子分解和最大似然主成分分析-多元曲线分辨-交替最小二乘法定量解析土壤重金属的来源，并计算两种受体模型的平均源贡献率，应用随机森林实现土壤重金属的空间分布预测。结果显示：As、Cr、Ni和Zn主要为自然源，平均源贡献率分别为64.29%、72.31%、79.86%和48.41%，受成土母质控制；Cd和Cu主要为农业源，平均源贡献率分别为76.95%和60.48%，Zn也受到农业源的影响（34.32%）；交通源对Pb的平均源贡献率为44.77%；Hg的来源为大气沉降源，平均源贡献率为80.18%，与黄金冶炼和煤炭燃烧有关。研究表明：As的高值区主要分布在研究区的西部，与潟湖相沉积物和河流冲积物的分布具有一致性；Cr、Ni和Zn的高值区分布在研究区的中部和东部，与花岗岩母质的分布相一致；Cd、Cu、Hg和Pb主要分布在研究区的中部，位于工农业活动密集区域。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the sources of heavy metals in soil of gold mining areas and their spatial distribution patterns, this work focused on the gold mine-intensive areas of Laizhou and Zhaoyuan in Shandong Province to conduct systematic sampling of the surface soil and chemical analysis of heavy metals. With Positive Matrix Factorization（PMF）and Maximum Likelihood Principal Component Analysis-Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares（MLPCA-MCR-ALS）, the sources of soil heavy metals were quantitatively determined, and the average source contribution of these two receptor models were calculated. Random Forest（RF）model was used to predict spatial patterns of soil heavy metals. As, Cr, Ni and Zn were mainly from natural sources, with the respective average source contributions of 64.29%, 72.31%, 79.86% and 48.41%, controlled by parent material. Cd and Cu were controlled by agricultural sources, the respective average source contributions were 76.95% and 60.48%. Simultaneously, agricultural sources also had 34.32% of contribution to Zn. Pb was controlled by traffic source, the average source contribution was 44.77%. The source of Hg was controlled by atmospheric deposition with the average source contribution of 80.18%, which related to gold smelting and coal burning. The high value areas of As were mainly distributed in the western part of the study area, which was consistent with the distribution of lagoon facies deposits and river alluvium. The high values of Cr, Ni and Zn were distributed in the middle and east of the study area, which was the same with the distribution of granite parent material. Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb were mainly distributed in the central part of the study area, which was located in an area of intensive industrial and agricultural activities. |
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