| 谢昌洪,王悦,刘琪,汤秋香,崔吉晓,白润昊,何文清.PBAT基地膜在土壤中的降解特征及其对微生物群落结构的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(11):2935-2945. |
| PBAT基地膜在土壤中的降解特征及其对微生物群落结构的影响 |
| Degradation characteristics of PBAT-based mulch film in soil and its influence on microbial community structure |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-04 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0212 |
| 中文关键词: 生物降解地膜 聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯 聚乳酸 聚碳酸酯 降解特征 土壤微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词: biodegradable mulch polybutylene adipate /terephthalate（PBAT） polylactic acid（PLA） polycarbonate（PPC） degradation characterization soil microbial community |
| 基金项目:新疆自治区重点研发任务专项项目（2022B02033）；“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700700）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（42007312，32301967）；新疆“天山英才”培养计划“青年拔尖人才项目-青年科技创新人才”（2023TSYCCX0019） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 谢昌洪 | 农业农村部农业残留污染防控重点实验室, 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | | | 王悦 | 农业农村部农业残留污染防控重点实验室, 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | | | 刘琪 | 农业农村部农业残留污染防控重点实验室, 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | liuqi@caas.cn | | 汤秋香 | 新疆农业大学农学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | | | 崔吉晓 | 农业农村部农业残留污染防控重点实验室, 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | | | 白润昊 | 农业农村部农业残留污染防控重点实验室, 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | | | 何文清 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | hewenqing@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生物降解地膜在土壤环境中的降解特性与微生物作用机制，本研究开展了为期300 d的土壤降解试验，结合光腔衰荡光谱、核磁共振氢谱、凝胶渗透色谱和扫描电子显微镜等技术，分析比较了聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）、PBAT/聚乳酸（PLA）和PBAT/聚碳酸酯（PPC）3种地膜的降解特征及其对土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明：PBAT地膜的降解速率显著高于PBAT/PLA和PBAT/PPC地膜，300 d时PBAT地膜的矿化率达到30.7%，而PBAT/PLA和PBAT/PPC地膜的矿化率仅分别为15.3%和12.4%；PLA和PPC的引入显著减缓了地膜的降解速率。核磁共振氢谱分析显示，PBAT地膜中脂肪族结构单元的降解速率高于芳香族结构单元；在PBAT/PLA和PBAT/PPC地膜中，PLA和PPC组分的降解速率高于PBAT组分。不同地膜处理对土壤微生物群落结构产生显著影响，特定类群如Paludisphaera、Sporosarcina在降解过程中显著富集。相关性分析进一步揭示，Sporosarcina、Limnoglobus、Skermanella等微生物与地膜降解速率密切相关。中性群落模型分析进一步揭示了微生物群落构建机制随降解阶段动态变化，初期和后期以随机过程为主，中期则以确定性因素（如地膜类型和降解产物）为主。研究表明，PLA、PPC通过微纤维的形成调控PBAT的降解速率，微生物群落动态与材料组分降解紧密关联。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the degradation characteristics and microbial mechanisms of biodegradable mulch films in soil environments, a 300-day soil incubation experiment was conducted in this study. Cavity ring-down spectroscopy（CRDS）, proton nuclear magnetic resonance（1H NMR）, gel permeation chromatography（GPC）, and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）were employed to analyze and compare the degradation characteristics of three mulch films（PBAT, PBAT/PLA, and PBAT/PPC）and their effects on soil microbial community structure. The results showed that the degradation rate of PBAT mulch film was significantly higher than that of PBAT/PLA and PBAT/PPC films. After 300 days, the mineralization rate of PBAT reached 30.7%, while those of PBAT/PLA and PBAT/PPC were only 15.3% and 12.4%, respectively, indicating that the addition of PLA and PPC significantly slowed down the degradation rate. 1H NMR analysis revealed that in PBAT films, the degradation rate of aliphatic structural units in PBAT mulch film was faster than that of aromatic structural units. In contrast, in PBAT/PLA and PBAT/PPC films, the degradation rates of PLA and PPC components were higher than those of PBAT. During degradation, different mulch film treatments significantly altered the soil microbial community structure, with specific taxa such as Paludisphaera and Sporosarcina showing marked enrichment during degradation. Correlation analysis demonstrated that microbial taxa such as Sporosarcina, Limnoglobus, and Skermanella were closely associated with the degradation rate of the mulch films. Neutral community model analysis further revealed that the assembly mechanisms of microbial communities dynamically shifted across degradation stages: stochastic processes dominated in the initial and late phases, while deterministic factors（such as mulch film type and degradation products）played a major role in the middle phase. This study demonstrates that PLA and PPC can regulate PBAT degradation rates through microfiber formation, and microbial community dynamics are closely linked to the degradation of material components. |
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