| 刘芯蕊,覃小凤,赵华,刘超奇,张艳霞,朱启林,但小倩,汤水荣,张金波,伍延正,孟磊.三种杀菌剂对海南冬季蔬菜地土壤N2O排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(11):3005-3014. |
| 三种杀菌剂对海南冬季蔬菜地土壤N2O排放的影响 |
| Effects of three fungicides on soil N2O emissions in Hainan winter vegetable fields |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0020 |
| 中文关键词: 杀菌剂 土壤 蔬菜地 氮循环 N2O排放 |
| 英文关键词: fungicides soils vegetable field nitrogen cycling N2O emissions |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42367048，41807044） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘芯蕊 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | | | 覃小凤 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | | | 赵华 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | | | 刘超奇 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | | | 张艳霞 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | | | 朱启林 | 海南大学南繁学院, 海南 三亚 572025 | | | 但小倩 | 海南大学南繁学院, 海南 三亚 572025 | | | 汤水荣 | 海南大学南繁学院, 海南 三亚 572025 | | | 张金波 | 海南大学南繁学院, 海南 三亚 572025 | | | 伍延正 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | wyz198712@163.com | | 孟磊 | 海南大学南繁学院, 海南 三亚 572025 | menglei@hainanu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究杀菌剂对海南冬季蔬菜土壤N2O排放的影响，本实验采用室内培养方法，设置无杀菌剂（CK）、多菌灵（CAR）、苯醚甲环唑（DIF）和嘧菌酯（AZO）4种处理。结果表明：与CK处理相比，CAR、DIF和AZO处理的N2O累积排放量分别显著增加23.38%、27.27%和27.28%。DIF处理的反硝化势较CK处理增加了9.57%，且显著增加了土壤酶活性（β-葡萄糖苷酶、乙氨基葡糖酶和酸性磷酸酶）；CAR和AZO处理降低了反硝化势，其可能减弱N2O向N2转化的过程，导致N2O排放量增加。此外，CAR、DIF和AZO处理的真菌反硝化相对贡献率较CK处理分别显著增加了52.17%、53.15%和46.42%。杀菌剂降低了土壤pH值，有利于真菌活性，增加了真菌反硝化过程，使N2O排放从细菌主导转变为真菌主导，进而增加了N2O排放。研究表明，杀菌剂可能通过影响土壤微生物群落和氮素转化过程，间接增加海南冬季蔬菜地土壤的N2O排放。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of fungicides on N2O emissions from vegetable soils in Hainan during winter, this study conducted a laboratory incubation experiment with four treatments: control（CK）, carbendazim（CAR）, difenoconazole（DIF）, and azoxystrobin（AZO）. The results demonstrated that compared to CK, CAR, DIF, and AZO treatments significantly increased cumulative N2O emissions by 23.38%, 27.27%, and 27.28%, respectively. The DIF treatment enhanced denitrification potential by 9.57% compared to CK and significantly elevated soil enzyme activities（β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase）. In contrast, CAR and AZO treatments reduced denitrification potential, potentially inhibiting the conversion of N2O to N2 and thereby increasing N2O emissions. Furthermore, the relative contributions of fungal denitrification in CAR, DIF, and AZO treatments were significantly elevated by 52.17%, 53.15%, and 46.42%, respectively, compared to CK. Fungicides reduced soil pH, which favored fungal activity and shifted N2O production pathways from bacterial-dominated to fungal-dominated denitrification, ultimately amplifying N2O emissions. This study reveals that fungicides may indirectly enhance N2O emissions in winter vegetable soils of Hainan by altering microbial communities and nitrogen transformation processes. |
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