| 蒋亚,吴道明,周凯,王丽,刘桂华,柴冠群,范成五.生物炭联合亚硒酸钠对水稻生理特征及硒镉累积的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(12):3053-3060. |
| 生物炭联合亚硒酸钠对水稻生理特征及硒镉累积的影响 |
| Effects of biochar and sodium selenite combination on physiological characteristics and cadmium selenide accumulation in rice |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-24 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0086 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 亚硒酸钠 镉 硒 水稻 抗氧化酶 |
| 英文关键词: biochar sodium selenite cadmium selenium rice antioxidant enzyme |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技支撑计划项目（黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般208，黔科合支撑〔2024〕一般106）；贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目（黔农科青年基金〔2023〕31号）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800602） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生物炭、亚硒酸钠不同施用方式对水稻籽粒降镉（Cd）增硒（Se）的效果，以荃 9 优 801、宜香优 2115 和隆两优华占为研究对象，采用盆栽试验，研究了对照（CK，不施生物炭和亚硒酸钠）、单施生物炭（B，基施生物炭2 g·kg-1）、单施亚硒酸钠（S，叶面喷施亚硒酸钠8 mg·L-1）、生物炭和亚硒酸钠配施（BS，联合施用生物炭2 g·kg-1和亚硒酸钠8 mg·L-1）对Cd胁迫下水稻产量、Se含量、Cd含量及生理特征的影响。结果表明：生物炭、亚硒酸钠不同施用方式能显著提高水稻产量并降低 Cd 含量。与 CK 相比，BS 处理荃 9 优 801、宜香优 2115和隆两优华占的单株产量分别增加了 74.45%、104.16%和92.41%，B处理增加了60.92%、82.69%和65.46%，S处理增加了33.43%、46.54%和35.01%；水稻籽粒Cd含量BS处理降低了58.09%、72.62%和51.56%，B处理降低了52.94%、53.57%和38.54%，S处理降低了36.76%、35.71%和23.96%。BS处理下荃9优 801、宜香优 2115和隆两优华占的水稻籽粒 Se含量较 CK分别增加了 100.00%、70.77%和 140.00%，B处理增加了 2.27%、8.46%和12.00%，S处理增加了53.41%、26.92%和92.00%。不同施肥方式均可提高水稻叶片抗氧化酶活性，降低丙二醛含量，缓解Cd胁迫下脂膜过氧化伤害。研究表明，生物炭联合亚硒酸钠配施有利于促进水稻增产，降Cd增Se效果明显，能在一定程度上缓解Cd胁迫对水稻叶片的伤害。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study was designed to examine the effects of different application methods of biochar and sodium selenite on reducing cadmium（Cd）and enriching selenium（Se）in rice grains, Quan 9 you 801, Yixiangyou 2115 and Longliangyouhuazhan were studied by pot experiment. It was conducted four treatments：no biochar and sodium selenite application（CK）, single application of biochar（B, biochar 2 g·kg-1）, single application of sodium selenite（S, sodium selenite 8 mg·L-1）, and combined application of biochar and sodium selenite（BS, biochar 2 g·kg-1+sodium selenite 8 mg·L-1）, to study the effects on yield, Se content, Cd content, and physiological characteristics under Cd stress. The results showed that different application methods of biochar and sodium selenite could significantly increase rice yield and reduce Cd content. Compared with CK, the yield per plant of Quan 9 you 801, Yixiangyou 2115 and Longliangyouhuazhan increased by 74.45%, 104.16%, and 92.41% respectively under BS treatment, 60.92%, 82.69%, and 65.46% under B treatment, and 33.43%, 46.54%, and 35.01% under S treatment. The Cd content in rice grains decreased by 58.09%, 72.62%, and 51.56% under BS treatment, 52.94%, 53.57%, and 38.54% under B treatment, 36.76%, 35.71%, and 23.96% under S treatment, respectively. The Se content increased by 100.00%, 70.77% and 140.00% under BS treatment, 2.27%, 8.46% and 12.00% under B treatment, 53.41%, 26.92% and 92.00% under S treatment, respectively. Different fertilization methods could increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in rice leaves, decrease the content of malondialdehyde, and alleviate the damage of lipid membrane peroxidation under Cd stress. In conclusion, the combination of biochar and sodium selenite application is beneficial for promoting rice yield increase, reducing Cd and enriching Se, and can alleviate the damage of Cd stress on rice leaves. |
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