| 王也,薛南冬,杜思盈,俞顺涛,赵彬荣.基于HYDRUS模型评估不同水稻种植区土壤中毒死蜱的环境风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(12):3122-3137. |
| 基于HYDRUS模型评估不同水稻种植区土壤中毒死蜱的环境风险 |
| Assessing the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in various regions of paddy fields based on the HYDRUS model |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-10 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0033 |
| 中文关键词: 毒死蜱 风险评估 区域差异 HYDRUS模型 水稻田 |
| 英文关键词: chlorpyrifos risk assessment regional disparities HYDRUS model paddy fields |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800202） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王也 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 薛南冬 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | xuenandong@tcare-mee.cn | | 杜思盈 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 俞顺涛 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 赵彬荣 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012
辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院, 辽宁 阜新 123000 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据我国水稻种植区的气候特点和土壤特性，通过HYDRUS-1D模型与ArcGIS相结合，本研究评估了不同种植区稻田中毒死蜱的环境风险，分析了不同水稻种植区降雨量、气温、土壤质地、土壤有机质含量等因素对毒死蜱在土壤中迁移的影响，并使用风险商值法（RQ）进行风险特征描述，探讨了不同种植区土壤中的毒死蜱环境风险差异。结果表明：表层土壤中毒死蜱浓度峰值出现的时间较短，均出现在施用的10~20 d；底层土壤浓度峰值则出现在一段较长的时间后，且远低于表层土浓度，不同土壤中底层的浓度变化趋势差别较大，多数地区浓度峰值出现在60~120 d。不同区域环境条件决定土壤中毒死蜱的环境行为，低温少雨地区毒死蜱的下渗量远低于高温多雨地区，其浓度峰值相差超百倍，表层土中毒死蜱的迁移行为受降雨影响显著。土壤质地和容重等土壤性质对毒死蜱农药在土壤中的环境风险影响显著。毒死蜱环境风险较高的种植区主要集中在我国的中东部地区，降水量大于800 mm的南部地区存在一定的毒死蜱地下水污染风险。研究表明，中东部地区是我国稻田中毒死蜱的优先控制区域。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study evaluated the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in rice paddies in different regions in China based on the data of climate and soil characteristics, utilizing the HYDRUS-1D model with ArcGIS. The effects of rainfall, temperature, soil texture, soil organic matter content, and other factors on the migration of chlorpyrifos in soil were analyzed in different rice planting regions, and the risk quotient method（RQ）was used to describe the risk characteristics to explore the differences in the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in soils from different planting regions. The results showed that the peak concentration of chlorpyrifos in the topsoil occurred rapidly（10-20 d post-application）. The peak concentration in the subsoil appeared later（after 60-120 d）, was much lower than that of the topsoil with notable soil-dependent variation. Regional environmental conditions substantially influenced chlorpyrifos behavior in soils. Infiltration in cold/dry regions was markedly lower than in warm/rainy areas, with peak concentration differences exceeding two orders of magnitude. The rainfall during the application period has a significant impact on the migration behavior of chlorpyrifos in topsoil. Soil properties such as soil texture and bulk density had a significant impact on the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in soils. The regions with elevated environmental risks associated with chlorpyrifos are predominantly concentrated in the central and eastern regions of China with some groundwater risks present in the southern regions. The rice planting regions with high environmental risk of chlorpyrifos were concentrated in central and eastern regions of China, and there was a certain risk of chlorpyrifos contaminating groundwater in the southern regions with precipitation greater than 800 mm. The central and eastern regions in China are the priority control regions for chlorpyrifos in paddy fields. |
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