| 刘玉洁,赵会成,李梅华,张琳琦.乳酸菌对沼液贮存过程气体排放的影响及应用[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(12):3262-3269. |
| 乳酸菌对沼液贮存过程气体排放的影响及应用 |
| The impact of lactic acid bacteria on gas emissions during the storage of slurry and applications |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-09 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0028 |
| 中文关键词: 沼液 氨气 减排 乳酸菌剂 玉米 |
| 英文关键词: animal slurry ammonia mitigation lactic acid bacteria maize |
| 基金项目:“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3707405） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1047 |
| 全文下载次数: 424 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究探究了添加乳酸菌剂对沼液贮存过程中NH3、CO2和N2O排放的影响，并评估了处理后沼液的资源化利用潜力。试验设置乳酸菌剂处理沼液组（FS，添加乳酸菌剂后密封贮存）和新鲜沼液对照组（FD，仅密封贮存），比较了两组在 11 d贮存期内NH3、CO2和N2O的排放特征。贮存结束后，将两组沼液进行资源化利用（分别记为FSP和FDP），并分析其对玉米生长指标的影响。结果表明：FS组NH3减排效果显著，其11 d贮存期内NH3累积排放量为2.5 g·L-1，较FD组（3.4 g·L-1）降低26.5%，其中NH3日减排率最高可达35%（P<0.05）。两组CO2和N2O排放通量无显著差异，且N2O排放通量极低，可忽略不计。贮存末期，FS组pH值下降0.81个pH单位，而氨氮含量增加23.9%，表明pH值下降是NH3减排的主要原因。此外，FSP组玉米的生长指标显著优于FDP组，其中根长、株高、地上部鲜质量、地下部鲜质量、地上部干质量和总鲜质量分别提高 36.5%、25.7%、59.0%、22.4%、68.4% 和 45.6%（P<0.05）。研究表明，乳酸菌剂处理沼液在贮存过程中具有显著的NH3减排效果，且不会增加温室气体排放，同时能促进作物生长。该方法具有安全性高、成本低、环境友好等优势，具有良好的应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria（LAB）addition on NH3, CO2, and N2O emissions during slurry storage and evaluated the resource utilization potential of the treated slurry. The experiment included two groups：a LAB-treated slurry group（FS, sealed storage after LAB addition）and a fresh slurry control group（FD, sealed storage only）. The emission characteristics of NH3, CO2, and N2O were compared over an 11-day storage period. After storage, both slurries were used as fertilizers（denoted as FSP and FDP, respectively）, and their effects on maize growth parameters（root length, plant height, total fresh weight, aboveground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, and root-to-shoot ratio）were analyzed. The results showed that the FS group achieved significant NH3 reduction, with a cumulative emission of 2.5 g·L-1 over 11 days, representing a 26.5% reduction compared to the FD group（3.4 g · L-1）. The maximum daily NH3 reduction rate reached 35%（P<0.05）. No significant differences were observed in CO2 and N2O emissions between the two groups, and N2O emissions were negligible. By the end of storage, the pH of the FS group decreased by 0.81 pH unit, while the total ammonia nitrogen content increased by 23.9%, indicating that pH reduction was the primary cause of NH3 mitigation. Furthermore, maize growth in the FSP group was significantly better than in the FDP group, with increases of 36.5% in root length, 25.7% in plant height, 59.0% in aboveground fresh weight, 22.4% in underground fresh weight, 68.4% in aboveground dry weight, and 45.6% in total fresh weight（P<0.05）. In conclusion, LAB treatment of slurry significantly reduces NH3 emissions during storage without increasing greenhouse gas emissions and promotes crop growth. This method offers advantages such as high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness, demonstrating strong potential for practical application. |
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