| 刘金荣,刘杨赟,杨菲凡,黄永文,陈芳清.吐温20和生物炭对水稻秸秆厌氧发酵系统产生物甲烷的微生物作用机制[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(12):3270-3281. |
| 吐温20和生物炭对水稻秸秆厌氧发酵系统产生物甲烷的微生物作用机制 |
| Microbial action mechanism of Tween 20 and biochar on methane produced by rice straw anaerobic fermentation system |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-1089 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻秸秆 厌氧发酵 添加剂 生物甲烷 微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词: rice straw anaerobic fermentation additives biomethane microbial community |
| 基金项目:湖北省科技创新专项重点项目（2016AHB014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究添加剂对水稻秸秆厌氧发酵系统微生物群落的影响，在厌氧发酵系统中分别添加吐温20、生物炭以及二者的混合物作为实验处理，通过测定各处理生物甲烷产率、微生物群落多样性与结构的变化，揭示了添加剂对水稻秸秆厌氧发酵系统产生物甲烷的微生物作用机制。结果表明：添加剂能显著提升水稻秸秆厌氧发酵系统的生物甲烷产率，吐温20+生物炭（TS）、吐温20（T）和生物炭（S）处理的生物甲烷产率分别比对照（CK）提高了390.67%、182.07%和109.56%。添加剂能显著提高厌氧发酵系统细菌和古菌群落在发酵后期的多样性，TS、S和T的细菌Shannon多样性指数分别比CK高28.16%、26.45%和6.27%，Chao1丰富度指数分别高 3.75%、6.24% 和 24.31%，S、TS 和 T 处理厌氧发酵系统古菌群落的 Shannon 多样性指数分别比 CK 高 11.58%、5.62% 和2.64%。添加剂还改变了厌氧发酵系统后期细菌和古菌群落优势菌属的组成与结构，其中对古菌群落的影响最大，增加了甲烷短杆菌属（Methanobrevibacter）、甲烷球形菌属（Methanosphaera）和甲烷八叠球菌属（Methanosarcina）的相对丰度，减少了RumEn M2的相对丰度。研究表明，3种添加剂处理通过提高微生物群落在发酵后期的多样性和改善水稻秸秆厌氧发酵系统微生物群落的组成与结构，增加了厌氧发酵系统产甲烷的代谢途径和代谢效率，提高了厌氧发酵系统产生物甲烷的性能，其中吐温20和生物炭混合处理效果最好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of additives on the microbial community in rice straw anaerobic fermentation systems, this study researched the effects of additives on biogas yield of the rice straw anaerobic fermentation system by adding Tween 20, biochar and their combination, respectively. The microbiological mechanism was revealed by measuring the biomethane yield as well as the microbial community diversity and structure of each treatment and analyzing the relationship between the biomethane yield and microbial community structure. The results showed that, the additives significantly increased the biomethane yield of the rice straw anaerobic fermentation system. The biomethane yield of TS（Tween 20+biochar）, T（Tween 20）and S（biochar）treatments increased by 390.67%, 182.07%, and 109.56% compared to the control, respectively. The additives significantly enhanced the diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities of the anaerobic fermentation system during the later stages. The Shannon diversity index of the bacteria community in TS, S, and T treatments increased by 28.16%, 26.45%, and 6.27% compared to CK, respectively, while the Chao1 richness index increased by 3.75%, 6.24%, and 24.31%. The Shannon index of the archaeal communities in S, TS, and T treatments was 11.58%, 5.62%, and 2.64% higher than CK, respectively. The additives also altered the composition and structure of dominant genera of bacterial and archaeal communities in the anaerobic fermentation system at the later stages, especially the archaeal community by increasing the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter, Methanosphaera and Methanosarcina and decreasing the relative abundance of RumEn M2. In conclusion, three additive treatments enhance biomethane production in anaerobic fermentation systems by improving microbial community diversity during the late fermentation phase and optimizing the compositional structure of microbiota in rice straw digestion. This microbial remodeling reinforces methanogenic metabolic pathways and increases methane production efficiency, with the combined treatment of Tween-20 and biochar demonstrating the most significant improvement. |
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