| 秦华,徐冬莹,康润锋,殷宪强,孙慧敏.磷和砷在不同场地土壤中的吸附特征和迁移规律[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(1):82-93. |
| 磷和砷在不同场地土壤中的吸附特征和迁移规律 |
| Phosphorus and arsenic adsorption characteristics and migration features in soils from different sites |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-12 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0040 |
| 中文关键词: 磷 砷 土壤 吸附 迁移 |
| 英文关键词: phosphorus arsenic soil adsorption transport |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1800605） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同场地土壤对磷（P）、砷（As）的吸附特性及P、As在不同场地土壤中的迁移行为，采用批次平衡吸附试验和室内土柱试验，结合扫描电镜-能谱分析（SEM-EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）和粒度分析等对土壤进行表征。结果表明，试验用水稻土、褐土、红壤对P和As的吸附过程均符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich模型，说明土壤的非均相表面发生了多层化学吸附。土壤对P和As（Ⅴ）的吸附能力受到pH值、离子强度和离子类型的共同影响，随着溶液初始pH值的升高和离子强度的降低，土壤吸附能力变弱。通过SEM-EDS、XRD分析，揭示了3种土壤的表面形态和元素组成差异。褐土表面粗糙且富含铁铝氧化物，可通过配体交换和表面络合作用显著增强其对P和As（Ⅴ）的吸附能力。红壤表面光滑且石英含量较高，导致其吸附能力较弱。通过迁移试验发现，P和As（Ⅴ）在3种土壤中的迁移行为均随着pH值的升高而增强，其中P和As（Ⅴ）在红壤中的迁移能力最强。这是由于红壤的粗颗粒和高孔隙连通性促进了P和As（Ⅴ）的迁移，而褐土的细颗粒和高吸附能力则抑制了污染物的迁移。此外，在不同pH条件下，As（Ⅴ）的迁移能力显著高于P的迁移能力。同时，离子强度的升高对P和As（Ⅴ）在不同土壤中的迁移能力产生了抑制作用。研究表明，不同土壤对P和As（Ⅴ）的吸附与迁移行为具有差异性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the adsorption characteristics of phosphorus（P）and arsenic（As）and their migration behaviors in different site soils, batch equilibrium adsorption tests were conducted, complemented by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy （SEM-EDS）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, and particle size analysis to characterize the soils thoroughly. The results indicated that the adsorption processes of P and As in the three soil types（paddy soil, cinnamon soil, and red soil）followed the quasi-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich model, suggesting that multi-layer chemical adsorption took place on the heterogeneous surfaces of the soils. The adsorption capacity of soil for P and As（Ⅴ）is influenced by pH value, ionic strength, and ion type. As the initial pH value increases and ionic strength decreases, the adsorption capacity of the soil diminishes. Based on SEM-EDS and XRD analysis, the differences in surface morphology and element composition of the three soils were revealed. The surface of cinnamon soil is rough and rich in iron and aluminum oxides. These minerals significantly enhance their adsorption capacity for P and As（ Ⅴ ） through ligand exchange and surface complexation. The surface of red soil is smooth and has a high quartz content, resulting in its weaker adsorption capacity. Through transport experiment, it was found that the migration behavior of P and As（Ⅴ）in the three soil types increased with rising pH value. Among them, P and As（Ⅴ）have the strongest migration ability in red soil. This is because the coarse particles and high pore connectivity of red soil promote the migration of P and As（Ⅴ）, while the fine particles and high adsorption capacity of cinnamon soil inhibit the migration of pollutants. Additionally, the migration ability of As（Ⅴ）was significantly greater than that of P under varying pH conditions. Moreover, increased ionic strength exhibited an inhibitory effect on the migration capacities of both P and As（Ⅴ）across different soil types. This study reveals the differences in the adsorption and migration behavior of P and As（Ⅴ）in different soils, provides important scientific basis for a deeper understanding of the environmental behavior of phosphorus and arsenic in soils. |
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