| 师婧一,任荣鑫,赵婉辰,吴昊,周菲,齐明星,梁东丽.不同改良剂对天然富硒高镉土壤的阻镉效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(3):634-642. |
| 不同改良剂对天然富硒高镉土壤的阻镉效果 |
| Effects of different amendments on cadmium immobilization in naturally selenium-enriched and highcadmium soil |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0147 |
| 中文关键词: 富硒高镉土壤 复配 阻镉 改良剂 小白菜 |
| 英文关键词: selenium-rich and high-cadmium soil combined application cadmium immobilization amendments pakchoi |
| 基金项目:陕西省技术创新引导专项（2022QFY09-01）；中国富硒产业研究院富硒产业全产业链专项研发计划项目（2021FXZX08） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同改良剂对天然富硒区高镉土壤的阻镉效果，本试验选择小白菜为研究对象，以生物炭、钙镁磷肥为改良剂，通过盆栽试验探究了单一和复配施用对小白菜镉吸收转运及土壤镉形态的影响。结果表明：与对照相比，各改良剂处理小白菜株高、根长和地下部干质量分别增加了3.04%~11.14%、8.77%~23.07%和10.42%~58.33%。除单施生物炭处理外，其余改良剂处理小白菜地上部干质量较对照显著增加了8.23%~17.95%。两种改良剂的施用均提高了小白菜过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，尤以高添加量生物炭与高添加量钙镁磷肥复配处理的抗氧化酶活性提升最大，POD和CAT活性分别为对照处理的1.42倍和1.73倍；而同时丙二醛（MDA）含量较对照处理下降了9.68%~38.03%。所有改良剂处理小白菜地上部和地下部镉含量均较对照下降，高添加量生物炭与高添加量钙镁磷肥复配处理使小白菜地上部和地下部镉含量分别下降了13.99%和30.28%。与种前相比，施用改良剂导致土壤可交换态镉占比下降了4.01%~12.55%，残渣态镉占比增加了5.76%~23.23%，镉形态呈现向更稳定形态转化是其主要原因。研究表明，生物炭与钙镁磷肥复配处理有较好的阻镉效果，但真正解决富硒高镉土壤中植物镉含量超标问题还应与其他措施联用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of different amendments on cadmium（Cd）immobilization in high-Cd soils from naturally selenium （Se）-enriched areas, this study took pakchoi（Brassica rapa）as the research object and used biochar and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as amendments, and explored the effects of single and combined applications on Cd uptake, translocation in pakchoi, and soil Cd fraction transformation through potting experiment. Compared to the control, all amendment treatments increased plant height, root length, and underground biomass of pakchoi by 3.04%-11.14%、8.77%-23.07% and 10.42%-58.33% respectively. Except for the single application of biochar treatment, other amendments significantly enhanced aboveground dry weight by 8.23%-17.95%. Both amendments elevated the activities of peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT）, with the combined high-dose biochar and phosphate fertilizer treatment showing the most pronounced effect：POD and CAT activities reached 1.42 times and 1.73 times higher than the control, respectively. Concurrently, the content of malondialdehyde（MDA）was decreased from the control treatment by 9.68%-38.03%. All treatments reduced Cd concentrations in both shoots and roots. The combined high-dose biochar and phosphate fertilizer treatment decreased the Cd concentrations 13.99% in shoots and 30.28% in roots. Compared with the pre-seeding period, the amendments decreased the proportion of exchangeable Cd 4.01%-12.55% and increased residual Cd 5.76%-23.23%, indicating Cd stabilization via fraction transformation. In this study, Cd was effectively immobilized by the combined application of biochar and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. However, truly solving the problem of Cd over accumulation in plants from Se-enriched and high-Cd soils requires integrated approaches with additional remediation measures. |
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