| 宋彩云,张鹏飞,李晓璐,牛凯杰,刘庚.汾河流域农业面源污染时空分布特征及潜在风险分区[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(3):717-726. |
| 汾河流域农业面源污染时空分布特征及潜在风险分区 |
| Spatial and temporal characteristics and potential risks of agricultural surface pollution in Fenhe River basin |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-24 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0177 |
| 中文关键词: 农业面源污染 时空特征 风险评估 等标污染负荷 汾河流域 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural non-point source pollution spatiotemporal characteristics risk assessment equivalent standard pollution load Fenhe River basin |
| 基金项目:山西省自然科学基金项目（202303021211186） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 180 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究聚焦汾河流域区域性农业面源污染问题，运用等标污染负荷法、自然间断点分级法、极差法和熵值法开展汾河流域40个县（市、区）2012—2022年农业面源氮磷污染时空分布特征及潜在风险研究。结果表明，流域农业面源污染排放总体呈波动下降趋势，总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）分别下降了11.99%和13.19%，总体来说，2018—2019年TN和TP下降最为显著，下降幅度达10.74%和9.15%，此后污染排放缓慢增加。农村生活源的排放量下降最大，两污染物下降幅度均为24.58%；流域中游和下游县区的农业面源污染程度显著高于上游地区，其中清徐县、新绛县和绛县3县被划分为高风险区，流域内其余37个县（市、区）属于中、低风险区。因此，需根据不同区划类型，构建农业面源污染“分区施策、精准防控、系统治理”体系，依据区域环境风险等级差异，采取组合化、差异化的防治策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigates regional agricultural non-point source pollution in the Fen River basin. Employing the equivalent standard pollution loading method, Jenks natural breaks classification, range standardization, and entropy weighting method, we analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and potential risks of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution across 40 counties（cities/districts） from 2012 to 2022. Results show that agricultural non-point-source emissions have generally declined in a fluctuating pattern：total nitrogen（TN）and total phosphorus（TP）fell by 11.99% and 13.19%, respectively. The sharpest reductions occurred between 2018 and 2019, with decreases of 10.74% of TN and 9.15% of TP, followed by a gradual rebound in discharge levels. Rural domestic sources exhibited the highest reduction rates, with both pollutants declining by 24.58%. Agricultural non-point source pollution levels in midstream and downstream county-level areas were significantly higher than those in upstream areas. Specifically, Qingxu, Xinjiang, and Jiang counties were identified as high-risk zones, while other 37 counties（cities/districts）were classified as medium-or low-risk areas. Consequently, based on distinct regional zoning categories, an agricultural non-point source pollution control system featuring regionspecific measures, targeted prevention, and systematic governance is established. This system adopts integrated and differentiated strategies tailored to varying environmental risk levels across regions. |
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