离子特异性效应对褐土和黑土胶体凝聚动力学特征的影响

杨琼芳; 闫雨阳; 杨东明; 杜伟; 胡斐南; 许晨阳

文章摘要

杨琼芳,闫雨阳,杨东明,杜伟,胡斐南,许晨阳.离子特异性效应对褐土和黑土胶体凝聚动力学特征的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(5):1157-1167.

离子特异性效应对褐土和黑土胶体凝聚动力学特征的影响

Impact of specific ion effects on the coagulation kinetics of cinnamon and black soil colloids

投稿时间：2025-07-02

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0625

中文关键词: 黑土胶体褐土胶体 Zeta电位临界聚沉浓度离子特异性效应

英文关键词: black soil colloids cinnamon soil colloids zeta potential critical coagulation concentration specific ion effects

基金项目:陕西省自然科学基金面上项目（2023-JC-YB-263）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（42277311）

作者	单位	E-mail
杨琼芳	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100
闫雨阳	西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100
杨东明	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100
杜伟	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100
胡斐南	西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100
许晨阳	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100	xuchenyang@nwafu.edu.cn

摘要点击次数: 18

全文下载次数: 0

中文摘要:

为明确离子特异性效应对土壤胶体在不同环境条件中的表面特性和悬液稳定性的影响，选取褐土胶体和黑土胶体为研究对象，测定了两种土壤胶体在LiCl、NaCl、KCl、CsCl、MgCl₂和CaCl₂溶液中的凝聚动力学特征、Zeta电位变化和临界聚沉浓度。结果发现，黑土胶体的平均直径大于褐土胶体。在相同一价离子浓度条件下，黑土胶体的Zeta电位值大小排序为Li⁺+++，与褐土胶体趋势相同。黑土胶体在相同二价离子浓度中的Zeta电位大小表现为Mg²⁺2+，与褐土胶体正好相反。褐土胶体在K⁺体系中形成的凝聚体分形维数最大，凝聚体结构最为疏松；黑土胶体在Ca²⁺体系中分形维数最大。褐土胶体在Na⁺、K⁺、Cs⁺体系中的临界聚沉浓度值分别为Li⁺体系的1.31、2.55、9.69倍，黑土胶体在Na⁺、K⁺、Cs⁺体系中的临界聚沉浓度值分别为Li⁺体系的1.83、4.79、17.93倍。不同离子引发胶体凝聚的临界聚沉浓度表现出显著的离子特异性效应；离子类型通过水合半径与价态调控胶体稳定性，但不同土壤胶体对特定离子(尤其是Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺)的响应存在显著差异，其与胶体的物质组成和表面电荷密度有关。研究表明，离子特异性效应对土壤胶体稳定性和凝聚结构具有显著影响。

英文摘要:

To clarify the specific ion effects on the surface properties and suspension stability of soil colloids under different environmental conditions, cinnamon soil colloids and black soil colloids were selected as research subjects. The coagulation kinetics characteristics, zeta potential changes, and critical coagulation concentrations of the two soil colloids in LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CsCl, MgCl₂, and CaCl₂ solutions were measured. The results showed that the average diameter of black soil colloids was larger than that of cinnamon soil colloids. Under the same monovalent cation concentration conditions, the zeta potential values of black soil colloids followed the order: Li⁺+++, which was consistent with the trend observed in cinnamon soil colloids. In the presence of divalent cations, the zeta potential values of black soil colloids showed the order: Mg²⁺2+, which was the opposite of the trend observed in cinnamon soil colloids. The fractal dimension of the clusters formed by cinnamon soil colloids in the K⁺ system was the largest, indicating the loosest structure. For black soil colloids, the maximum fractal dimension was observed in the Ca²⁺ system. The critical coagulation concentrations of cinnamon soil colloids in the Na⁺, K⁺, and Cs⁺ systems were 1.31, 2.55, and 9.69 times those in the Li⁺ system, respectively. For black soil colloids, the critical coagulation concentrations in the Na⁺, K⁺, and Cs⁺ systems were 1.83, 4.79, and 17.93 times those in the Li⁺ system, respectively. The critical coagulation concentrations induced by different ions exhibited a significant ion-specific effect. The type of cation regulates colloid stability through hydration radius and valence state, but there are notable differences in the response of different soil colloids to specific ions (especially Mg²⁺/Ca²⁺), which are related to the material composition and surface charge density of the colloids. The ion-specific effect significantly influences the stability and cluster structure of soil colloids.

HTML 查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器