| 卢烨彬,张雪琦,漆世英,韩善锐,李威,徐玲娥,成水平.根系分泌物调节抗生素-重金属复合污染底泥的植物修复效果及微生物机制[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(5):1277-1290. |
| 根系分泌物调节抗生素-重金属复合污染底泥的植物修复效果及微生物机制 |
| Efficiencies and microbial mechanisms of root exudate regulation on the phytoremediation of antibiotic-heavy metal polluted sediment |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-12 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0430 |
| 中文关键词: 根系分泌物 抗生素 重金属 底泥 植物修复 微生物群落结构 |
| 英文关键词: root exudates antibiotics heavy metals sediments phytoremediation microbial community structure |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3207503）；中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司科技项目（HDY-CGHT19-20240098Y） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 卢烨彬 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司, 杭州 311122 | | | 张雪琦 | 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 同济大学环境生态工程研究所, 上海 200092 | | | 漆世英 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司, 杭州 311122 | | | 韩善锐 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司, 杭州 311122 | | | 李威 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司, 杭州 311122 | | | 徐玲娥 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司, 杭州 311122 | | | 成水平 | 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 同济大学环境生态工程研究所, 上海 200092
上海生态景观水环境工程技术研究中心, 上海 200031 | shpcheng@tongji.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 养殖业中未被完全处理的抗生素和重金属会随废水排放并在底泥中积累。针对这一复合污染问题，本研究采用浸水盆栽试验，投加土霉素(OTC)、铜(Cu)和锌(Zn)模拟复合污染底泥，选取美人蕉作为修复植物，设置0、5、10、15 mL·盆-1四个外源根系分泌物添加量，探究其对修复效能及微生物机制的调控作用，对比了无植物和植物联用情况下的污染物去除效率。结果表明：植物联用显著提升修复效果，与无植物组相比使OTC去除率在各添加量下提高4.8%~7.5%，其中添加10 mL·盆-1分泌物时综合效果最优，OTC去除率较无植物组显著提升11.8%~17.5%。对于Cu和Zn，15 mL·盆-1添加量在无植物组使去除率显著提高19.6%和9.8%，而植物联用组中10 mL·盆-1添加量效果最佳，此时Cu/Zn生物有效态占比达峰值，促进美人蕉地下部分富集。同时，外源根系分泌物添加缓解了污染物对美人蕉光合色素合成的抑制，10 mL·盆-1效果最显著。植物联用使底泥环境更稳定，脱氢酶活性降低，还通过根际效应提升了微生物物种丰富度和多样性，削弱优势菌群繁衍能力，增加功能菌丰度，促使菌群在逆境下更稳定。研究表明，根系分泌物通过活化重金属形态、改善植物生理并优化菌群结构的三重协同机制强化修复，其应用对抗生素-重金属复合污染底泥修复具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Antibiotics and heavy metals from aquaculture that are not fully treated are discharged with wastewater and accumulate in sediments. To address this co-contamination issue, this study employed waterlogged pot experiments, adding oxytetracycline(OTC), copper (Cu), and zinc(Zn)to simulate composite-polluted sediments. Canna indica was selected as the remediation plant, with four exogenous root exudate doses(0, 5, 10, 15 mL·pot-1)to investigate their regulatory effects on remediation efficiency and microbial mechanisms, comparing pollutant removal efficiencies under plant-free and plant-combined conditions. Results demonstrated that plant combination significantly enhanced remediation: compared to plant-free groups, plant combination increased OTC removal by 4.8%–17.5% across all exudate doses, with optimal efficiency at 10 mL·pot-1(11.8%–17.5% increase vs. plant-free groups). For Cu and Zn, the 15 mL·pot-1 dose in plant-free groups significantly improved removal by 19.6% and 9.8%, respectively, while the 10 mL·pot-1 dose under plant-combined conditions yielded the best results. At this dose, the bioavailable fractions of Cu/Zn peaked, promoting their accumulation in the belowground parts of Canna indica. Simultaneously, exogenous root exudates ameliorated the inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis in plants, with the 10 mL·pot-1 dose showing the most significant effect. Plant combination stabilized the sediment environment, reducing fluctuations in dehydrogenase activity. Through rhizosphere effects, it also enhanced microbial species richness and diversity, suppressed dominant bacterial proliferation, increased functional microbe abundance, and improved community stability under stress. This study reveals that root exudates strengthen remediation via a tripartite synergistic mechanism, including activating heavy-metal fractions, improving plant physiology, and optimizing microbial community structure, highlighting its critical significance for rehabilitating antibiotic-heavy metal co-contaminated sediments. |
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