|
| 不同贮存方式下奶牛粪水理化特性变化及滴灌还田适配性评价 |
| Effects of different storage methods on physicochemical characteristics and drip irrigation adaptability of dairy manure wastewater |
| 投稿时间：2026-05-21 修订日期：2026-07-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 奶牛粪水 贮存方式 理化特性 养分保蓄 滴灌适配性 |
| 英文关键词: dairy manure wastewater storage methods physicochemical properties nutrient retention drip irrigation adaptability |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新资金（NKYGZL-2026-16)、国家重点研发计划课题（2024YFD1700402） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 221 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 针对西北干旱区奶牛粪水滴灌还田面临的长期贮存养分流失严重、病原菌灭活不彻底、滴灌堵塞风险高的核心瓶颈,以宁夏规模化奶牛场固液分离液、三级氧化塘末端出水2种主流粪水为研究对象,设置敞口、密封、酸化3种贮存处理,开展150 d室外常温贮存试验,系统解析不同贮存方式下粪水理化特性、养分转化、病原菌灭活及滴灌适配性的动态变化规律。结果表明：贮存方式对粪水保肥效果、无害化程度及滴灌适配性影响显著(P<0.05)。与敞口处理相比,密封与酸化处理均可显著抑制粪水pH上升,大幅降低氮素损失；其中密封处理保氮效果最优,两类粪水总氮损失率较敞口处理分别降低34.82、34.04 个百分点,铵态氮保留率显著提升,粪大肠菌群灭活达标时间缩短60 d以上,SS最高去除率达92.45%；酸化处理则在磷素保留方面优势显著,液相总磷保留效果优于同类型敞口处理。密封与酸化处理均满足滴灌系统进水要求,其中密封处理综合性能更优。研究证实,密封贮存是适配西北干旱区奶牛粪水资源化贮存与安全滴灌还田的最优模式,酸化处理可作为磷素高保留需求场景下的有效补充,可为西北干旱区奶牛粪水资源化利用提供理论依据与技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aiming at the core bottlenecks of severe nutrient loss during long-term storage, incomplete pathogen inactivation, and high drip irrigation clogging risk in the process of dairy manure wastewater application to farmland via drip irrigation in the arid region of Northwest China, this study took two mainstream types of dairy manure wastewater from large-scale dairy farms in Ningxia, namely solid-liquid separation effluent and terminal effluent of three-stage oxidation pond, as the research objects. Three storage treatments (open storage, sealed storage, and acidification storage) were set up to conduct a 150-day outdoor normal-temperature storage experiment, and the dynamic change laws of physicochemical properties, nutrient transformation, pathogen inactivation, and drip irrigation adaptability of dairy manure wastewater under different storage methods were systematically analyzed. The results showed that storage methods had a significant effect on the fertilizer retention effect, harmless degree, and drip irrigation adaptability of dairy manure wastewater (P<0.05). Compared with the open treatment, both sealed and acidification treatments significantly inhibited the pH rise of dairy manure wastewater and greatly reduced nitrogen loss. Among them, the sealed treatment exhibited the optimal nitrogen retention effect: the total nitrogen loss rates of the two types of wastewater were reduced by 34.82 and 34.04 percentage points respectively compared with the open treatment, the retention rate of ammonium nitrogen was significantly increased, the time required for fecal coliform inactivation to meet the standard was shortened by more than 60 days, and the maximum removal rate of suspended solids (SS) reached 92.45%. The acidification treatment had a prominent advantage in phosphorus retention, with better retention performance of total phosphorus in the liquid phase than the open treatment of the same type of wastewater. Both sealed and acidification treatments met the water inflow requirements of drip irrigation systems, among which the sealed treatment had better comprehensive performance. This study confirmed that sealed storage is the optimal mode suitable for resource-based storage and safe drip irrigation application to farmland of dairy manure wastewater in the arid region of Northwest China, and acidification storage can be used as an effective supplement for scenarios with high phosphorus retention demand. The results can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the resource utilization of dairy manure wastewater in the arid region of Northwest China. |
| HTML
View Fulltext
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
