| 孙希超,王伟,刘旭.农业环境损害溯源技术研究进展与展望[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(7):1609-1618. |
| 农业环境损害溯源技术研究进展与展望 |
| Research progress and prospects of traceability technology for agricultural environmental damage |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-09 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0848 |
| 中文关键词: 农业环境损害 溯源技术 化学指纹 微生物标记 数值模拟 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural environmental damage source tracing technology chemical fingerprint microbial marker numerical modeling |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院创新工程项目（2202999999990250002） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 216 |
| 全文下载次数: 18 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 农业环境损害具有的污染源隐蔽性、污染物迁移复杂性及损害滞后性等特征，给溯源工作带来巨大挑战。农业环境损害溯源技术是识别污染来源、明确责任主体、制定精准修复方案的核心支撑。本文系统梳理了农业环境损害溯源的物理化学溯源技术、生物溯源技术及新兴交叉技术三大类核心技术体系。物理化学溯源技术通过污染物化学指纹与谱学特征实现源解析，是溯源的基础手段；生物溯源技术依托分子标记与生物指示物提升溯源特异性；遥感、数值模拟与人工智能等新兴技术的融合则推动溯源向智能化、精细化发展。本文分析了各类技术的原理、应用进展及局限性，探讨了当前多技术协同应用的瓶颈，并展望了未来技术发展趋势，为农业环境损害溯源技术的集成创新与标准化应用提供了参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Agricultural environmental damage poses significant challenges to source tracing due to the concealment of pollution sources, the complexity of pollutant migration, and the time lag of damage effects. Source tracing technology for agricultural environmental damage serves as the core support for identifying pollution origins, clarifying responsible entities, and formulating precise remediation plans. This paper systematically reviews three major categories of core technological systems for tracing agricultural environmental damage： physicochemical techniques, biological tracing technologies, and emerging interdisciplinary technologies. Physicochemical techniques, which rely on the chemical fingerprints and spectroscopic characteristics of pollutants to achieve source apportionment, form the foundational approach for tracing. Biological tracing technologies enhance traceability specificity by leveraging molecular markers and bioindicators. The integration of emerging technologies such as remote sensing, numerical modeling, and artificial intelligence is driving the evolution of tracing toward intelligent and refined development. This paper analyzes the principles, application progress, and limitations of each technology category, discusses the current bottlenecks in multi-technology collaborative applications, and outlines future technological trends, providing valuable references for the integrated innovation and standardized application of source tracing technologies in agricultural environmental damage. |
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