吡虫啉在不同类型土壤-青菜系统中的迁移累积规律

董春村; 李越; 许多; 李勇; 余向阳

文章摘要

董春村,李越,许多,李勇,余向阳.吡虫啉在不同类型土壤-青菜系统中的迁移累积规律[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(7):1619-1628.

吡虫啉在不同类型土壤-青菜系统中的迁移累积规律

Migration and accumulation of imidacloprid in different types of soil vegetable systems

投稿时间：2025-07-14

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0670

中文关键词: 吡虫啉农药残留土壤理化性质转运累积土壤有机碳

英文关键词: imidacloprid pesticide residue soil physical and chemical properties transportation and accumulation soil organic carbon

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32272583）

作者	单位	E-mail
董春村	淮阴工学院生命科学与食品工程学院, 江苏淮安 223003 省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室, 南京 210014 江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 南京 210014
李越	省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室, 南京 210014 江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 南京 210014
许多	省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室, 南京 210014 江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 南京 210014
李勇	淮阴工学院生命科学与食品工程学院, 江苏淮安 223003 省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室, 南京 210014 江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 南京 210014	liyong201508@jaas.ac.cn
余向阳	省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室, 南京 210014 江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 南京 210014	yuxy@jaas.ac.cn

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中文摘要:

为阐明吡虫啉在不同类型土壤-青菜系统中的迁移累积规律，本研究以上海青（Brassica rapa subsp.chinensis）为模式植物，通过盆栽实验比较不同类型土壤中残留吡虫啉向上海青中迁移累积差异。结果表明：土壤中残留的吡虫啉均可向上海青迁移累积，但不同类型土壤-青菜体系中吡虫啉残留分布差异很大。黑壤中吡虫啉平均残留量为0.788 mg·kg^-1，明显高于棕壤（0.283mg·kg^-1）和红壤（0.232 mg·kg^-1），而黑壤体系上海青根和茎叶中吡虫啉平均残留量（根0.051 mg·kg^-1、茎叶0.272 mg·kg^-1）明显低于棕壤体系（根0.362 mg·kg^-1、茎叶2.154 mg·kg^-1）和红壤体系（根0.413 mg·kg^-1、茎叶2.399 mg·kg^-1）。黑壤、棕壤、红壤体系中上海青茎叶富集因子分别为0.320、7.821、11.784，转移因子分别为5.551、9.581、9.169，这表明相比于黑壤，棕壤、红壤中残留的吡虫啉更易向上海青中迁移累积，且更易累积在茎叶中。通过相关性分析发现，上海青组织中吡虫啉含量与土壤有机碳、阳离子交换量、全氮、有效钾等理化性质显著负相关。研究表明，相比于棕壤和红壤，黑壤有机碳含量更高，既可以强吸附残留的吡虫啉，延长吡虫啉在土壤中的半衰期，又能使土壤中吡虫啉向上海青组织中迁移累积的能力变弱。

英文摘要:

To elucidate the migration and accumulation patterns of imidacloprid in different soil-plant systems, this study used pakchoi （Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis）as a model plant and compared the differences in the residual behavior of imidacloprid from different soil types to pakchoi through pot experiments. The experimental results demonstrated that plants could uptake residual imidacloprid from the soil, but there were notable differences in the distribution of imidacloprid among different soil-plant systems. The average residual concentration of imidacloprid in black soil was 0.788 mg·kg^-1, significantly higher than that in brown soil（0.283 mg·kg^-1）and red soil （0.232 mg·kg^-1）. However, the average residual concentrations of imidacloprid in the roots and shoots of plants in the black soil system （roots：0.051 mg·kg^-1; shoots：0.272 mg·kg^-1）were markedly lower than those in the brown soil system（roots：0.362 mg·kg^-1; shoots：2.154 mg·kg^-1）and red soil system（roots：0.413 mg·kg^-1; shoots：2.399 mg·kg^-1）. The enrichment factors of plant shoots in the black, brown, and red soil systems were 0.320, 7.821, and 11.784, respectively, while the translocation factors were 5.551, 9.581, and 9.169, respectively. This indicated that, compared to black soil, the residual imidacloprid in brown and red soils was more likely to migrate and accumulate in plant shoots. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the imidacloprid content in plant tissues and soil physicochemical properties, such as organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, and available potassium. Compared to brown soil and red soil, black soil has a higher organic carbon content. The higher levels of organic carbon in black soil can strongly adsorb residual imidacloprid, prolong its half-life in the soil, and weaken its ability to migrate and accumulate in pakchoi tissues.

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