| 郭红梅,陈海斌,潘晓莹,杜建军,范如芹,邓彩联,谢圣明,欧阳敏枝,赖国祥.秸秆还田方式与还田量对土壤团聚体及有机碳周转的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(7):1740-1753. |
| 秸秆还田方式与还田量对土壤团聚体及有机碳周转的影响 |
| Effects of straw returning methods and amounts on soil aggregates and organic carbon turnover |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0740 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆还田 土壤有机碳 土壤团聚体 温室气体排放 红壤性水稻土 |
| 英文关键词: straw mulching soil organic carbon soil aggregates greenhouse gas emissions red paddy soil |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划“耕地土壤酸化绿色防控技术研究与示范”-子课题“广东省典型酸化区域土壤障碍因子及酸化机制研究”（2023B0202010027） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郭红梅 | 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院, 广州 510225
广东省农业产地环境污染防控工程技术中心, 广州 510225 | | | 陈海斌 | 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院, 广州 510225
广东省农业产地环境污染防控工程技术中心, 广州 510225 | | | 潘晓莹 | 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院, 广州 510225
广东省农业产地环境污染防控工程技术中心, 广州 510225 | | | 杜建军 | 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院, 广州 510225
广东省农业产地环境污染防控工程技术中心, 广州 510225 | | | 范如芹 | 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院, 广州 510225
广东省农业产地环境污染防控工程技术中心, 广州 510225 | fanruqin2007@126.com | | 邓彩联 | 广州市从化区农业技术推广中心, 广州 510920 | | | 谢圣明 | 广州市从化区农业技术推广中心, 广州 510920 | | | 欧阳敏枝 | 广州市从化区农业技术推广中心, 广州 510920 | | | 赖国祥 | 广州市从化区农业技术推广中心, 广州 510920 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨不同秸秆还田方式对华南地区红壤性水稻土团聚体结构及土壤有机碳（SOC）积累与碳排放的影响，采用田间定位试验方法，以秸秆不还田（CK）为对照，研究了4种秸秆还田方式[直接还田（DR）、炭化还田（BR）、秸秆猪粪发酵还田（FR）、添加腐熟剂还田（DA）]与2个还田量水平，即全量（DR、BR、FR、DA）与半量还田（DRH、BRH、FRH、DAH）下的红壤性水稻土团聚体粒级分布与稳定性、SOC含量与碳排放规律。结果表明：与CK相比，0~5 cm土层中，BR和FR处理中>2 mm水稳性团聚体比例分别提升25.49%和18.89%；平均质量直径（MWD）分别提升21.12%和16.59%；几何平均直径（GMD）分别提升41.89%和34.89%；5~10 cm中各处理规律与表层类似；半量还田处理各指标提升低于全量还田。10~20 cm土层受秸秆还田影响不显著。在0~20 cm各土层中，BR和FR处理全土SOC提升范围分别为12.15%~14.73%和14.73%~17.16%；>2 mm团聚体SOC提升范围分别为26.89%~46.16%和27.95%~37.07%，半量还田效果次之；>2 mm的团聚体含量与MWD、GMD呈极显著正相关，对SOC含量提升起了关键作用；DR处理的CH4和CO2累积排放量最高，显著高于CK，BR处理的CH4累积排放量低于其他秸秆还田处理。短期（6季水稻种植）定位试验证明，水稻秸秆炭化还田和发酵还田是改善红壤性水稻土结构和促进SOC积累的有效措施，尤其炭化还田对于降低CH4效果最佳。秸秆不经处理直接粉碎还田对于降低碳排放和增加土壤碳固定并无显著效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different straw returning methods on aggregate structure, soil organic carbon（SOC）accumulation, and carbon emissions in red paddy soil in south China. A long-term field experiment was conducted, with no straw returning（CK）as the control and four straw returning methods including direct returning（DR）, carbonization returning（BR）, strawpig manure fermentation returning（FR）, and returning with decomposing agent（DA）. Two returning amount levels, including full amount （DR、BR、FR、DA）and half amount（DRH、BRH、FRH、DAH）were investigated. The distribution and stability of aggregate particle sizes, SOC content, and carbon emission patterns in the studied red paddy soil were analyzed. The results showed that compared with CK, the proportion of > 2 mm water-stable aggregates in BR and FR treatments increased by 25.49% and 18.89%, respectively, in the 0-5 cm soil layer. The mean weight diameter（MWD）increased by 21.12%, 16.59%, and the geometric mean diameter（GMD）increased by 41.89% and 34.89%, respectively. The law of each treatment in 5-10 cm is similar to that of the surface layer; the improvement of each index in half-amount returning treatments was lower than that in full-amount returning treatments. The 10-20 cm soil layer was not significantly affected by straw returning methods. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the increase of SOC in bulk soil of BR and FR treatments was 12.15%- 14.73% and 14.73%-17.16%, The increase range of SOC in > 2 mm aggregates was 26.89%-46.16% and 27.95%-37.07%, The content of aggregates > 2 mm was significantly positively correlated with MWD and GMD, which played a key role in the increase of SOC content. The cumulative emission of CH4 and CO2 in DR treatment was the highest, which was significantly higher than that in CK, and the cumulative emission of CH4 in BR treatment was lower than that in other straw returning treatments. Results from this short-term（6-season rice planting）experiment showed that rice straw carbonization and fermentation returning were effective in improving the structure of red paddy soil and promote SOC accumulation, especially carbonization returning had the best effect on reducing CH4. The direct returning of straw showed no significant effect on carbon or soil carbon fixation. |
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