| 罗子瑶,黄愿,许莉莉,贺心雨,赵劲松,胡荣桂,史志华.湘江流域净人为磷输入时空特征与耕地侵蚀下磷流失风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(7):1801-1811. |
| 湘江流域净人为磷输入时空特征与耕地侵蚀下磷流失风险 |
| Spatio-temporal characteristics of net anthropogenic phosphorus input and assessment of loss risk of phosphorus from cropland erosion in the Xiangjiang River basin |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0725 |
| 中文关键词: 湘江流域 净人为磷输入 颗粒态磷流失风险 面源污染 流域管理 |
| 英文关键词: Xiangjiang River basin net anthropogenic phosphorus input particulate phosphorus loss risk non-point source pollution watershed management |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U22A20611，42177318） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 湘江流域作为湖南省重要的粮食生产基地，人为磷输入负荷高，未被利用的磷在土壤侵蚀的作用下易迁移至水体，加剧面源污染风险。本研究基于净人为磷输入（NAPI）估算模型和修正通用土壤流失方程，旨在揭示2000—2020年湘江流域NAPI的时空格局及耕地侵蚀下的颗粒态磷流失风险。结果表明：湘江流域NAPI在28.34~37.69 kg·hm-2·a-1之间，以食品/饲料磷输入为主（51%~62%），化肥磷输入次之（24%~38%），以2009年和2016年为时间节点呈“上升-平稳-下降”的年际变化趋势；空间上呈现下游>中游>上游的分布特征，长株潭地区NAPI水平最高（[76.77±14.81）kg·hm-2·a-1]。高强度的人为磷输入与水土流失使湘江流域下游沩水、涟水和捞刀河流经的农业核心区成为耕地侵蚀下颗粒态磷流失的高风险区。研究表明，湘江下游地区农业活动频繁、社会经济水平较高，是流域内人为磷输入强度最大的区域，需重点加强对食品/饲料磷和化肥磷输入的管控；同时，应结合水土保持措施防控磷素流失。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Xiangjiang River basin, a crucial grain production base in Hunan Province, has high levels of anthropogenic phosphorus input. Unutilized phosphorus can easily migrate into water bodies through soil erosion, exacerbating the risk of non-point source pollution. Based on the estimation model of net anthropogenic phosphorus input（NAPI）and the revised universal soil loss equation, this study aimed to reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of NAPI and the loss risk of particulate phosphorus from cropland erosion in the Xiangjiang River basin between 2000 and 2020. The results showed that the NAPI in the Xiangjiang River basin ranged from 28.34 to 37.69 kg·hm-2·a-1. The primary source was food/feed phosphorus input（51%–62%）, followed by chemical fertilizer phosphorus input（24%–38%）. There was an interannual trend of“increase–stabilization–decline”with 2009 and 2016 as turning points. Spatially, NAPI exhibited a downstream > midstream > upstream distribution pattern, with the Chang-Zhu-Tan region recording the highest level of NAPI（[76.77±14.81）kg·hm-2· a-1]. The combination of high anthropogenic phosphorus input and soil erosion made the core agricultural areas along the Wei, Lian, and Laodao Rivers in the downstream section of the Xiangjiang River basin high-risk zones for particulate phosphorus loss from croplands erosion. The study suggests that the downstream region of the Xiangjiang River, characterized by intensive agricultural activities and high socioeconomic development, represents the area with the strongest anthropogenic phosphorus input in the basin. Therefore, prioritized management of food/feed and chemical fertilizer phosphorus inputs is essential. Additionally, soil and water conservation measures should be implemented to mitigate phosphorus loss. |
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