| 潘珊珊,钟光迪,任羡,张翀,巨晓棠.施氮方式和氮肥类型对华北潮土NH3和N2O协同减排的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(7):1845-1854. |
| 施氮方式和氮肥类型对华北潮土NH3和N2O协同减排的影响 |
| Effects of nitrogen application methods and fertilizer types on joint mitigation of NH3 and N2O of fluvo-aquic soil in the North China Plain |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-19 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0779 |
| 中文关键词: 氨挥发 氧化亚氮排放 施氮方式 氮肥类型 消长效应 协同减排 潮土 |
| 英文关键词: ammonia volatilization nitrous oxide emissions nitrogen application method nitrogen fertilizer types trade-offs joint mitigation fluvo-aquic soil |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42207348，12411530100，U24A20625）；海南大学启动经费[KYQD（ZR）-20098，KYQD（ZR）-21028] |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农田氨（NH3）和氧化亚氮（N2O）减排对缓解活性氮的负面环境影响具有重要作用，然而，其排放的消长效应阻碍了协同减排目标的实现。为探讨农田氮管理对NH3和N2O协同减排的影响，本研究以华北潮土为研究对象，设置不同氮肥类型（普通尿素，以及普通尿素添加硝化抑制剂、脲酶抑制剂、控释氮肥）和施氮方式（表施和深施）的组合，以及不施氮共9个处理，采用土柱培养系统测定施氮肥后NH3和N2O排放，以及土壤铵态氮、亚硝态氮、硝态氮、可溶性有机碳和pH等的变化。结果表明：传统表施处理的NH3和N2O排放量相对较高，与之相比，所有深施处理均显著（P<0.05）减少NH3排放至不施氮处理的水平，NH3排放率仅为0~0.46%。与单施尿素相比（包括表施和深施），添加硝化抑制剂显著（P<0.05）减少N2O排放至不施氮处理的水平，N2O排放率为0~0.01%，但在表施情况下硝化抑制剂显著（P<0.05）增加了43.92%的NH3排放。而深施添加硝化抑制剂的尿素、表施或深施控释尿素能够同时实现显著的NH3和N2O减排效果，NH3和N2O排放量分别仅占施氮量的0~1.01%和0.01%~0.02%。研究表明，深施添加硝化抑制剂尿素或施用控释尿素能够实现潮土NH3和N2O的协同减排，避免NH3和N2O排放的消长效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Mitigating both ammonia（NH3） and nitrous oxide（N2O） emissions from cropland is critical for alleviating their adverse environmental impacts. However, the trade-offs between NH3 and N2O emissions, whereby reducing one increase the other, hinders their joint mitigation. To explore the effects of nitrogen（N）management practices on the joint mitigation of NH3 and N2O in a typical fluvo-aquic soil from north China, nine treatments were established, including combinations of fertilizer types（common urea, urea with a nitrification inhibitor or a urease inhibitor, and controlled-release urea）and application methods（surface broadcast and deep placement）, as well as a no N control. We conducted a soil column incubation experiment to measure dynamics of NH3 and N2O emissions after fertilization, and temporal changes of soil substrates ammonium（NH4+）, nitrite（NO-2）, nitrate（NO-3）, dissolved organic carbon（DOC）and pH were measured using a parallel soil column. Results demonstrated that surface broadcast resulted in relatively high emissions of both NH 3 and N2O. In contrast, deep placed urea significantly（P<0.05）reduced NH3 emissions to the levels of the no N control, with cumulative NH3 emissions representing only 0-0.46% of the applied N. Compared to surface broadcast or deep placement of urea alone, the addition of nitrification inhibitors to urea significantly（P<0.05）reduced N2O emissions to near-zero levels（0-0.01%）, but under broadcast, nitrification inhibitors led to a 43.92% increase in NH3 emissions. Conversely, deep placement of urea amended with nitrification inhibitors, or applying controlled-release urea（both broadcast and deep placement）, enabled joint mitigation of NH3 and N2O emissions, and NH3 and N2O emissions accounted for only 0-1.01% and 0.01%-0.02% of the applied fertilizer N, respectively. Therefore, deep placement of urea with a nitrification inhibitor or application of controlled-release urea can effectively achieve the joint mitigation of NH 3 and N2O emissions in fluvo-aquic soils, avoiding the potential trade-offs. |
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