| 施璨,崔佳惠,李博,陈建军.水分管理对水稻种植中CH4和N2O排放的影响及根际机理[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(7):1855-1868. |
| 水分管理对水稻种植中CH4和N2O排放的影响及根际机理 |
| Impact of water management on CH4 and N2O emissions in rice cultivation and rhizosphere mechanisms |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0551 |
| 中文关键词: 水分管理 温室气体 根系形态 根系分泌物 土壤酶活性 |
| 英文关键词: water management greenhouse gases root morphology root exudates soil enzyme activity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目（41661078） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 134 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究聚焦于不同水分管理条件，对水稻根系形态与根系分泌的有机酸如何通过调控土壤碳氮比及关键酶活性，协同影响CH4和N2O排放问题展开研究。采用室内盆栽试验，对云南推广种植的耐旱水稻品种“滇禾优918”在连续淹水（CF）、干湿交替（WD）和旱作（D）3种不同水分管理模式下的CH4和N2O排放情况，以及与根系形态、根系分泌的有机酸、土壤酶活性和土壤碳氮含量间的关系进行研究。结果表明：与连续淹水相比，干湿交替和旱作显著减少了CH4排放量（79.82%和96.95%），同时显著增加了N2O的排放（32.70%和72.51%），但最终温室气体排放总量（GHGe）有所减少（59.19%和65.90%）。根体积越发达、根表面积越大，酒石酸分泌量越高，则CH4排放量随之增加，N2O的排放则与柠檬酸和丙二酸的含量呈正相关。土壤酶活性也表现出功能分异特征，β-葡萄糖苷酶和蔗糖酶活性与CH4排放呈正相关关系，而脲酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性与N2O排放呈正相关关系，并且降低土壤脲酶活性可显著减少N2O的产生。此外，较高的土壤碳氮比促进了CH4排放，抑制了N2O排放，总之显著增加了GHGe。研究表明，在无额外干预的水分管理驱动下，非连续淹水（干湿交替或旱作）的水分管理通过缩小根表面积，减少酒石酸、柠檬酸与丙二酸的分泌，抑制β-葡萄糖苷酶与脲酶活性，并降低土壤碳氮比，协同减少了稻田CH4和N2O的排放，最终实现GHGe的降低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigated how root morphology and root-exuded organic acids under varying water management regimes regulate soil carbon-nitrogen ratios and key enzyme activities, thereby jointly influencing the trade-off between CH4 and N2O emissions. A pot experiment was conducted using‘Dianheyou 918’, a drought-tolerant rice variety widely cultivated in Yunnan, China. The plants were subjected to three water management treatments：continuous flooding（CF）, alternate wetting and drying（WD）, and dryland（D）. We measured CH4 and N2O emissions and analyzed their relationships with root morphology, root-secreted organic acids, soil enzyme activities, and soil carbon and nitrogen content. The results showed that, compared with CF, both WD and D significantly reduced CH4 emissions（by 79.82% and 96.95%, respectively）but increased N2O emissions（by 32.70% and 72.51%, respectively）. Nevertheless, the total global warming potential of greenhouse gas emissions（GHGe）was reduced by 59.19% under WD and 65.90% under D. Larger root volume and surface area, along with higher tartaric acid secretion, were associated with increased CH4 emissions, whereas N2O emissions were ositively correlated with citric and malonic acid levels. Soil enzyme activities exhibited functional divergence：β-glucosidase and sucrase activities were positively correlated with CH4 emissions, while urease and nitrite reductase activities were positively correlated with N2O emissions. Notably, suppressing urease activity significantly reduced N2O production. Moreover, a higher soil C / N ratio promoted CH4 emissions and suppressed N2O emissions, ultimately increasing GHGe. In summary, under non-continuous flooding regimes（WD or D）, water management（without additional interventions）reduced root surface area, decreased secretion of tartaric, citric, and malonic acids, inhibited β-glucosidase and urease activities, and lowered the soil C/N ratio, thereby synergistically mitigating CH4 and N2O emissions and ultimately reducing GHGe. |
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