| 毕晓阳,邱茗馨,李冬琴,黎华寿,陈桂葵.沉积物源镉在福寿螺体内的富集及其对生理特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(9):2222-2230. |
| 沉积物源镉在福寿螺体内的富集及其对生理特性的影响 |
| Bioaccumulation of sedimentary cadmium in Pomacea canaliculata and its effects on physiological characteristics |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0939 |
| 中文关键词: 福寿螺 沉积物 镉 组织积累 氧化应激 肠道微生物 |
| 英文关键词: Pomacea canaliculata sediment cadmium tissue accumulation oxidative stress gut microbiota |
| 基金项目:广东省自然科学基金项目（2025A1515010725） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 75 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为阐明沉积物源镉在福寿螺（Pomacea canaliculata）体内的累积与清除规律，以及镉的毒性效应，本研究通过沉积物暴露实验，将福寿螺暴露于镉污染沉积物（2.51 μg·g-1）14 d，随后转移至无污染的沉积物（0.04 μg·g-1）中净化14 d。实验测定了不同组织镉含量，内脏团超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）活性及谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量，并基于16S rRNA扩增子测序解析肠道菌群结构并预测其功能变化。结果显示：福寿螺内脏团对镉的富集能力最强，暴露14 d时镉含量达到0.11 μg·g-1，且未达到平衡状态；净化结束后，螺壳中镉的残留量仍显著高于初始水平。镉暴露组内脏团中SOD和CAT活性显著高于对照组，而GST活性与GSH含量则显著降低。镉胁迫显著降低了肠道菌群的Chao1指数、Observed features指数和Shannon指数，导致群落结构显著分离，表现为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和梭杆菌门（Fusobacteriota）丰度上升，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）丰度下降。功能预测结果表明，镉暴露显著增强了L-异亮氨酸和L-缬氨酸等氨基酸的合成通路，但抑制了甘露糖、油酸酯等脂类合成通路。研究表明，沉积物源镉可在福寿螺内脏团中显著富集并诱导氧化应激，同时，镉胁迫降低了肠道菌群多样性，改变了其群落结构并重塑了代谢功能，表明镉对底栖生物具有从宿主生理至微生态的多层次毒性效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To elucidate the accumulation and elimination patterns of sedimentary cadmium（Cd）in Pomacea canaliculata and its toxic effects, this study conducted a sediment exposure experiment in which snails were exposed to Cd-contaminated sediment（2.51 μg·g-1）for 14 days, followed by a 14-day depuration period in uncontaminated sediment（0.04 μg·g-1）. Cd content in different tissues, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）, glutathione S-transferase（GST）, and glutathione（GSH）content in the visceral mass, were measured. The structure and predicted functional changes of the gut microbiota were analyzed based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The results showed that the visceral mass had the strongest Cd accumulation capacity, reaching 0.11 μg·g-1 after 14 days of exposure, without reaching equilibrium. After depuration, Cd residue in the shell remained significantly higher than the initial level. SOD and CAT activities in the Cd-exposed group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while GST activity and GSH content were significantly reduced. Cd stress significantly decreased the Chao1, Observed features, and Shannon indices of the gut microbiota, leading to significant structural separation, characterized by increased abundances of Firmicutes and Fusobacteriota and a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria. Functional prediction revealed that Cd exposure significantly enhanced the biosynthesis pathways of amino acids such as L-isoleucine and L-valine but inhibited the synthesis pathways of lipids such as mannose and oleate. In conclusion, sedimentary Cd can significantly accumulate in the visceral mass of P. canaliculata, induce oxidative stress, reduce gut microbiota diversity, alter its community structure, and reshape metabolic functions, demonstrating multi-level toxic effects of Cd on benthic organisms from host physiology to microecology. |
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