| 李慧琳,吕志航,于海东,宋翠平,蔡仪,秦立得.畜禽粪肥还田对四环素类抗生素向土壤扩散的影响分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(9):2296-2306. |
| 畜禽粪肥还田对四环素类抗生素向土壤扩散的影响分析 |
| Impacts of land application of livestock and poultry fertilizer on the dissemination of tetracycline resistance into soil：a Meta analysis |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0738 |
| 中文关键词: 四环素耐药性 畜禽粪肥 四环素类抗生素 四环素类抗性基因 四环素耐药菌 |
| 英文关键词: tetracycline resistance livestock and poultry manure tetracycline antibiotics（TEs） tetracycline resistance genes（TRGs） tetracycline-resistant bacteria（TRB） |
| 基金项目:中国动物卫生与流行病学中心创新基金（DW2025013） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文研究畜禽粪肥还田对四环素类抗生素向土壤中扩散的影响，通过分析在土壤理化性质、气候条件、耕作方式等因素影响下，四环素类抗生素耐药基因（TRGs）与四环素耐药菌（TRB）在土壤中丰度变化，总结畜禽粪肥还田引起四环素类抗生素向土壤传播与扩散的关键风险点。从CNKI和ISI Web of Knowledge数据库中，根据关键词选取1990年—2023年发表的1 466篇文献，最终筛选出72篇文献，利用Excel软件整理数据，使用森林图和随机森林法分析各因素对土壤TRGs和TRB相对丰度的影响。粪肥还田显著提升土壤TRGs和TRB丰度，土壤pH、四环素类抗生素含量、有机质含量、气候因子（温湿度）及累计施肥年限是TRGs丰度的主要影响因素；四环素类抗生素含量、粪肥类型、气候和累计施肥年限显著影响了TRB变化。分析总结了可能造成四环素类抗生素由粪肥向土壤扩散的潜在高风险因素。TRGs增幅随年均温与降水量升高而增加，湿润温暖地区传播风险显著；土壤pH为6~7时TRGs增幅最大，砂土中TRGs增幅高于壤土；低有机质（≤20 g·kg-1）或低全氮（≤1 g·kg-1）土壤中TRGs增长最显著。TRB增幅与降水量正相关，有机质<40 g·kg-1时TRB增幅最大。在作物类型方面，蔬菜田TRGs丰度较谷物田高92.2%，但谷物田TRB增幅高于蔬菜田。在粪肥特性方面，家禽和猪粪肥较牛粪肥使TRGs丰度提升更高，而施用猪和牛粪肥较家禽粪肥可使TRB丰度增加幅度更大；未堆肥粪肥的TRGs增幅较堆肥高154.1个百分点；TRB丰度随施用量和年限持续增长，而TRGs增幅随年限呈先升后降趋势。研究表明，畜禽粪肥还田是导致四环素耐药性向土壤中扩散的重要因素，土壤中TRGs和TRB增加幅度受气候条件、土壤性质、粪肥类型及施用方式等多重因素的共同调控，可通过优化粪肥处理工艺、优化粪肥施用方法等方式，降低四环素类抗生素的传播风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigates the impact of land application of livestock and poultry manure on the dissemination of tetracycline antibiotic resistance in soil. By analyzing changes in the relative abundance of tetracycline resistance genes（TRGs）and tetracyclines resistant bacteria（TRB）in soil under the influence of factors such as soil physicochemical properties, climatic conditions, and farming practices, this research summarizes the key potential risks of the diffusion of tetracycline resistance driven by manure application. A total of 1 466 publications from 1990 to 2023 were initially selected from the CNKI and ISI Web of Knowledge databases using keyword-based searches, with 72 ultimately included for analysis. Data were collated using Excel, and forest plots and random forest analysis were employed to evaluate the effects of various factors on the relative abundance of TRGs and TRB in soil. Manure application significantly increased the relative abundance of TRGs and TRB in soil. Soil pH, tetracyclines residue concentration, organic matter content, climatic factors, and fertilization duration were identified as the main factors influencing TRG abundance. Tetracyclines residue concentration, manure type, climate, and fertilization duration significantly affected TRB abundance. Potential high-risk factors that may contribute to the dissemination of tetracycline resistance from fertilizer to soil were summarized. The increase of the relative abundance of TRGs was positively correlated with annual mean temperature and precipitation, indicating a higher dissemination risk in warm and humid regions. The greatest increase of TRGs occurred at soil pH 6-7, with sandy soils showing a higher increase than loamy soils. Soils with low organic matter（≤20 g·kg-1）or low total nitrogen（≤1 g·kg-1）exhibited the most significant TRG abundance increment. The relative abundance of TRB increase was positively correlated with precipitation, with the highest increase observed in soils with organic matter content <40 g· kg-1. In terms of crop type, the abundance of TRGs in vegetable fields was 92.2% higher than in grain fields, while the increase in TRB was greater in grain fields.Regarding manure types, poultry and pig manure led to a higher increase in TRGs relative abundance compared to cattle manure, while pig and cattle manure resulted in a greater increase in TRB relative abundance than poultry manure. Non-composted manure caused 154.1 percentage points higher increase in TRGs than composted manure. TRB relative abundance increased continuously with the amount and duration of manure application, whereas the increase in TRGs relative abundance showed an initial rise followed by a decline over time. Land application of livestock and poultry manure is a significant factor contributing to the dissemination of tetracycline resistance in soil. The increase in TRGs and TRB in soil is co-regulated by multiple factors, including climatic conditions, soil properties, manure type, and application methods. Risk mitigation strategies, such as optimizing manure treatment processes, improving application methods, and controlling application rates, can help reduce the spread of tetracycline antibiotic resistance. |
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