| 毕玉翠,付子轼,刘福兴,王俊力,乔红霞,黄小敏.生物炭负载纳米零价铁添加对湿地脱氮效率的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(9):2367-2382. |
| 生物炭负载纳米零价铁添加对湿地脱氮效率的影响 |
| Effects of biochar supported nano zero-valent iron on nitrogen removal efficiency in wetlands |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0703 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭负载纳米零价铁（nZVI-BC） 湿地 总氮去除率 氮循环基因 铁氧化还原属 |
| 英文关键词: biochar supported nano zero-valent iron（nZVI-BC） wetlands total nitrogen removal efficiency nitrogen-cycling-related genes functional genera related to iron-oxidation and iron-reduction |
| 基金项目:上海市自然科学基金项目（23ZR1464300）；上海市农业科技创新项目（沪农科I2023008） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 毕玉翠 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201106
上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心, 上海 200031
时科环境技术(上海)有限公司, 上海 201108 | | | 付子轼 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201106
上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心, 上海 200031
时科环境技术(上海)有限公司, 上海 201108 | | | 刘福兴 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201106
上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心, 上海 200031
时科环境技术(上海)有限公司, 上海 201108 | liufuxing@126.com | | 王俊力 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201106
上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心, 上海 200031
时科环境技术(上海)有限公司, 上海 201108 | | | 乔红霞 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201106
上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心, 上海 200031 | | | 黄小敏 | 时科环境技术(上海)有限公司, 上海 201108 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为比较不同Fe∶C（质量比）以及不同投加量的生物炭负载纳米零价铁（nZVI-BC）在湿地中的脱氮表现，以明确其最优配置方式及适宜的投加策略，本研究构建5组湿地系统，分别为未添加nZVI-BC（0%）、添加1%低Fe浓度（Fe∶C=0.49∶1）的nZVI-BC（L-1%）、添加1%高Fe浓度（Fe∶C=1.47∶1）的nZVI-BC（H-1%）、添加2%低Fe浓度的nZVI-BC（L-2%）以及添加2%高Fe浓度的nZVI-BC（H-2%），探究了这些系统对农业径流总氮（TN）去除率的影响及其作用机制。结果表明：L-2%处理的TN去除率（87.4%~88.6%）显著高于0%处理（76.0%~79.4%），而H-1%和H-2%处理的TN去除率（66.0%~73.9%和58.2%~74.6%）却显著低于0%处理。L-2%处理下，出水pH略升高，氨氧化、反硝化及厌氧氨氧化相关基因丰度增加，这些功能基因丰度与TN去除率呈正相关，提示多路径氮素转化可能共同促进TN去除。此外，网络关系显示，L-2%处理还可通过增强TN去除率与铁循环相关属之间的正连接，进一步促进TN去除。研究表明，nZVI-BC材料的制备需合理控制Fe的投加比例，其中Fe∶C为0.49∶1的配比在短期实验中对湿地TN去除具有显著促进作用，提示其在湿地中可能具有应用潜力，但仍需进一步长期验证。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aims to evaluate the effects of Fe∶C ratios and application rates of biochar supported nano zero-valent iron（nZVIBC）on nitrogen removal in wetlands to determine effective material configurations and optimal dosing parameters. Investigating the effects of different Fe∶C ratios and application rates of nZVI-BC on nitrogen removal efficiency in constructed wetlands can help optimize both the configuration of nZVI-BC and its dosing strategy within the wetland system. In this study, five wetland systems：no nZVI-BC addition （0%）, 1% low-Fe（Fe∶C=0.49∶1）nZVI-BC（L-1%）, 1% high-Fe（Fe∶C=1.47∶1）nZVI-BC（H-1%）, 2% low-Fe nZVI-BC（L-2%）, and 2% high-Fe nZVI-BC（H-2%）, were constructed to compare their treatment performances and underlying mechanisms. The results showed that total nitrogen（TN）removal efficiency in the L-2% treatment（87.4% - 88.6%）was significantly greater than in the 0% treatment（76.0% - 79.4%）, while the H-1% and H-2% treatment efficiencies（66.0% - 73.9% and 58.2% - 74.6%, respectively）were significantly lower than that of the 0% treatment. Under the L-2% treatment, the effluent pH slightly increased, and the abundances of genes related to ammonia oxidation, denitrification, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation were elevated. These functional gene abundances were positively correlated with TN removal, suggesting that multiple nitrogen transformation pathways may collectively contribute to TN removal. Moreover, the network relationship results indicated that the L-2% treatment enhanced the positive correlation between TN removal efficiency and functional genera related to iron-oxidization and iron-reduction, which further increased TN removal efficiency. Overall, proper control of the Fe∶C ratio is essential when preparing nZVI-BC compounds. Furthermore, in short-term experiments, an Fe∶ C ratio of 0.49∶1 significantly improved TN removal in wetlands adjacent to agricultural fields, suggesting its potential for practical application, though further long-term studies are needed. |
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