| 王薇,吕丽媛,明润廷,黄愿,万方,李韫玮,李勤奋,鲁耀雄,伍玉鹏.生物炭通过调控蚓触圈形成与微生物功能基因抑制蚯蚓诱导的N2O排放[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(9):2449-2460. |
| 生物炭通过调控蚓触圈形成与微生物功能基因抑制蚯蚓诱导的N2O排放 |
| Biochar inhibits earthworm-induced N2O emissions by regulating drilosphere formation and its microbial functional genes |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-03 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0995 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 蚯蚓肠道 N2O 微电极 qPCR 宏基因组 |
| 英文关键词: biochar earthworm gut N2O microsensor qPCR metagenomics |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32171638） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 99 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 蚓触圈（Drilosphere）是蚯蚓诱导土壤N2O排放的“热点”区域，但生物炭如何影响蚓触圈进而抑制蚯蚓诱导的N2O排放仍不清楚。本研究利用12 d的室内培养实验，通过在土壤中混合不同比例（质量比为0、3%、6%，分别表示为E、ERB3、ERB6）的水稻秸秆生物炭，比较了蚓触圈土壤形成及其单位N2O排放量的变化。结果表明：培养周期内ERB3和ERB6的N2O累积排放量均显著低于E。生物炭降低了蚓触圈土壤的产生量，培养结束后，E、ERB3和ERB6形成的蚓触圈土壤，分别占总培养土壤的35.19%、23.59%和14.62%。生物炭显著降低了单位蚓触圈土壤的N2O排放量，在第0~4、5~8、9~12天3个培养阶段，ERB3较E分别降低了47.95%、41.02%、16.91%，ERB6较E分别降低了48.91%、59.69%、47.07%。结构方程模型显示，生物炭显著影响了蚓触圈土壤的微生物功能基因丰度，进而导致单位蚓触圈土壤N2O产生量降低。此外，生物炭施用下蚯蚓肠道O2含量增加改变了肠道内的（nirK+nirS）/nosZ值，而蚓触圈土壤与蚯蚓肠道的（nirK+nirS）/nosZ值变化具有较高的相关性。研究表明，生物炭抑制蚯蚓诱导N2O排放的机制为降低蚓触圈土壤的产生量，调控蚯蚓肠道环境，改变蚓触圈土壤的微生物结构，进而抑制单位蚓触圈土壤的N2O产生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Drilosphere serves as a“hot spot”for elevated N2O emissions in earthworm-inhabited soils, yet the mechanisms through which biochar mitigates N2O release in this microenvironment remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, a 12-day incubation experiment was conducted with varying biochar application rates（0, 3%, and 6%, designated as E, ERB3, and ERB6, respectively）, focusing on drilosphere formation and associated N2O fluxes. Results indicated that cumulative N2O emissions were significantly lower in both biocharamended treatments than in the control（E）. Biochar addition also substantially reduced the proportion of drilosphere mass in soil, which declined from 35.19% in E to 23.59% in ERB3 and 14.62% in ERB6 by the end of incubation. Compared to E, drilosphere-derived cumulative N2O emissions decreased by 47.95%, 41.02%, and 16.91% during the 0-4, 5-8, and 9-12 day intervals in ERB3, and by 48.91%, 59.69%, and 47.07% in ERB6, respectively. Structural equation modeling revealed that biochar significantly altered the abundance of key microbial functional genes in the drilosphere, identifying these changes as the principal driver of suppressed N2O production. Additionally, biochar application enhanced O2 concentration within the earthworm gut, which was associated with a corresponding shift in the gut（nirK+nirS）/nosZ ratio. Notably, variations in the（nirK+nirS）/nosZ ratio were strongly correlated between the drilosphere soil and the earthworm gut. Collectively, our findings suggest that biochar suppresses earthworm-induced N2O emissions through two interconnected pathways：by diminishing drilosphere formation in the soil, and by modifying the earthworm gut environment, thereby restructuring the drilosphere microbial community and subsequently inhibiting N2O production. |
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