| 李鲁汉,孙阳萍,马瑞雪,赵营,赵晓琛,韦革宏,陈春.羟基磷灰石-膨润土纳米复合材料对旱区玉米生长的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(10):2538-2549. |
| 羟基磷灰石-膨润土纳米复合材料对旱区玉米生长的影响 |
| Effects of hydroxyapatite-bentonite nanocomposites on maize growth in arid regions |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-1118 |
| 中文关键词: 羟基磷灰石 膨润土 磷肥 旱区 磷吸收 |
| 英文关键词: hydroxyapatite bentonite phosphate fertilizer arid region phosphorus absorption |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李鲁汉 | 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 孙阳萍 | 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 马瑞雪 | 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 赵营 | 宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 银川 750002 | | | 赵晓琛 | 天津坤禾生物科技集团股份有限公司, 天津 300450 | | | 韦革宏 | 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | weigehong@nwsuaf.edu.cn | | 陈春 | 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | chunchen@nwsuaf.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为优化羟基磷灰石（HAP）磷素释放能力，提升土壤有效磷含量，增强玉米的磷素吸收和抗旱能力，进而促进玉米的生长，本研究选取纳米膨润土（BE）对HAP进行改性，制备出复合纳米肥（BE-HAP），通过盆栽及土壤孵育试验，探究BE-HAP对玉米磷素养分吸收、干旱胁迫下生长性能，以及土壤养分转化和微生物群落结构的影响机制。结果表明：1∶1比例的BE-HAP显著提高了风沙土有效磷含量，在第0、28、42、56天较对照分别增加了64.8%、42.3%、21.3%、84.2%，显著提升了玉米植株地上及地下部磷含量 35.1%和 35.7%，且在干旱胁迫条件下增强了玉米的生长和光合作用，显著提高了玉米地上和地下部干质量 93.7%和186.0%。同时，该处理增加了玉米抗氧化酶活性，降低了丙二醛含量45.0%，显著提升了玉米对氧化损伤的应对能力。此外，不同比例的BE-HAP处理通过提高土壤磷素养分，显著降低了嗜几丁质属等细菌的相对丰度。FAPROTAX功能预测结果显示，5∶1和10∶1比例的BE-HAP处理组促进了与碳氮循环相关的关键微生物功能过程（例如氮固定、硝酸盐反硝化作用），加速了土壤微生物养分循环。研究表明，羟基磷灰石-膨润土纳米复合材料通过提高土壤有效磷含量、减轻植物氧化损伤并积累抗旱物质、促进微生物驱动的养分转化，实现了干旱胁迫条件下玉米生长性能的显著改善。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To optimize the phosphorus release capacity of hydroxyapatite（HAP）. Enhance maize growth by increase soil available phosphorus content, improve the phosphorus absorption and drought resistance, this study modified HAP with bentonite（BE）to produce nano-fertilizer compound（BE-HAP）. Using a combination of pot experiments and soil microcosm techniques, we explored the mechanisms by which BE-HAP composites influence plant phosphorus uptake, improve maize growth under drought conditions, promote soil nutrient transformation, and regulation soil microbial community structure. The results showed that the 1∶1 BE-HAP composite significantly increased the available phosphorus content in sandy soil by 64.8%, 42.3%, 21.3%, and 84.2% at 0, 28, 42 and 56 days respectively. Furthermore, BE-HAP treatment significantly enhanced phosphorus content in maize plants by 35.1% and 35.7%, boosting growth and photosynthesis under drought stress, and improving maize dry weight of above and below ground by 93.7% and 186.0%. This treatment also reduced malondialdehyde levels by 45.0%, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and strengthened maize ′ s resistance to oxidative stress. In addition, the relative abundances of Chitinophaga were significantly reduced by increasing soil phosphorus nutrients with different proportions of BE-HAP treatment. Functional prediction using FAPROTAX revealed that the 5∶1 and 10∶1 BE-HAP composites stimulated several microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling processes, such as nitrogen fixation and nitrate denitrification, thereby accelerating microbial nutrient cycling. In summary, hydroxyapatite-bentonite nanocomposites can significantly enhance the growth performance of maize under drought stress. This is achieved through multiple mechanisms, including increasing the available phosphorus content in the soil, mitigating oxidative damage in plants, accumulating drought-resistant substances, and promoting nutrient conversion driven by microbial activity. |
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