| 唐煜杰,吴钥,乔云发,马寅正,苗淑杰.增温下不同措施稻麦轮作温室气体排放和经济效益评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(10):2728-2737. |
| 增温下不同措施稻麦轮作温室气体排放和经济效益评价 |
| Evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions and economic benefits of different measures of rice-wheat rotation under warming |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-1088 |
| 中文关键词: 稻麦轮作 温室气体 增温 经济效益 |
| 英文关键词: rice-wheat rotation greenhouse gas warming economic efficiency |
| 基金项目:江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项（BE2022425，BE2022312） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 唐煜杰 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 江苏省农业与生态气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 吴钥 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 江苏省农业与生态气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 乔云发 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 江苏省农业与生态气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 马寅正 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 江苏省农业与生态气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 苗淑杰 | 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 江苏省农业与生态气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | Sjmiao2015@nuist.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为评估增温情景下稻麦轮作系统中不同管理措施对温室气体排放及经济效益的综合影响，本研究于2022年11月至2023年10月，在开放式增温系统中设置常温和增温处理，结合对照（CK）、改变种植密度（PD）、改变品种（CV）、施用生物炭（BC）、推迟播期（SD）和增施氮肥（NF）6种管理措施，采用静态箱气相色谱法监测CH4和N2O排放量，分析了周年产量、温室气体排放和经济效益。结果表明：稻麦轮作系统周年CH4和N2O排放量均受增温和管理措施的显著影响。常温条件下，PD、CV、BC、SD处理的CH4排放量相比于CK处理分别降低了27.23%、21.12%、17.30%、11.96%，且PD处理还降低了N2O排放量（19.38%，P<0.05）。增温条件下，PD、BC、NF处理的 CH4排放量相比于 CK处理分别降低了 21.78%、21.49%、10.03%，且所有处理均降低了 N2O排放量。此外，BC和 NF处理还表现出对增温较强的适应性，增温条件下BC和NF处理分别相比于常温条件显著降低综合温室效应 18.56%和20.84%（P<0.05）。在产量和经济效益方面，两种温度条件下PD和SD处理均降低了产量和经济效益，而CV、NF和BC处理的周年产量和净利润相比于CK处理有显著提高，且NF处理表现出较强的增温适应性，增温条件下NF处理的净利润相比于常温条件有显著提高（8.82%，P<0.05）。研究表明，增温条件下，施用生物炭和增施氮肥可分别通过增温加速生物炭分解供作物吸收利用和通过增温提高作物氮利用效率，有效减少稻麦轮作系统温室气体排放并提高作物产量及经济效益，实现农业可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To assessed the combined effects of different management practices on greenhouse gas emissions and economic benefits in a rice-wheat rotation system under a warming scenario. In this study, from November 2022 to October 2023, we set up ambient and increased temperature treatments in an open warming system, and combined six management practices, including control（CK）, change of planting density（PD）, change of varieties（CV）, application of biochar（BC）, delayed sowing date（SD）, and increase of nitrogen fertilizer（NF）, and CH4 and N2O emissions were monitored by static chamber gas chromatography, and the comprehensive benefits of the system were analyzed in terms of the annual yields, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic inputs. Results showed that both annual CH4 and N2O emissions from the rice-wheat rotation system were significantly affected by temperature increase and management practices. Under ambient condition, CH4 emissions reduced by 27.23%, 21.12%, 17.30%, and 11.96% in PD, CV, BC and SD treatments, respectively, compared to CK treatment, and PD treatment also reduced N2O emissions（19.38%, P<0.05）. Under warming condition, CH4 emissions reduced by 21.78%, 21.49%, and 10.03% in the PD, BC, and NF treatments, respectively, compared to the CK treatment, and N2O emissions reduced in all treatments. In addition, BC and NF treatments showed stronger adaptability to temperature increase, and the global warming potential significantly reduced by 18.56% and 20.84%（P<0.05）in BC and NF treatments under warming condition compared with ambient condition, respectively. In terms of yields and economic benefits, both PD and SD treatments reduced yields and economic benefits under both temperature conditions, whereas CV, NF and BC treatments showed significant increases in annual yields and net margins compared to CK treatments, and NF treatments showed stronger adaptation to temperature increase, and the net margins of NF treatments under temperature increase conditions were significantly（8.82%, P<0.05）higher compared to ambient conditions. The study showed that under warming conditions, the application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve crop yields and economic benefits in the rice-wheat rotation system by accelerating the decomposition of biochar for crop uptake and utilization and improving crop nitrogen utilization efficiency by warming, respectively, to achieve sustainable agricultural development. |
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