| 程宇,陈佩,陈瑞,王宁,于建光,薛利红.麦秸还田对水稻根际土壤活性有机碳组分与细菌多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(8):1988-1996. |
| 麦秸还田对水稻根际土壤活性有机碳组分与细菌多样性的影响 |
| Impacts of wheat straw return on soil labile organic carbon fractions and bacterial diversity in rice rhizosphere |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0146 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆还田 活性有机碳组分 细菌多样性 根际 |
| 英文关键词: straw return labile organic carbon fraction bacterial community diversity rhizosphere |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFC3201503）；江苏省重点研发计划项目（D21YFD17008） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 程宇 | 江苏大学环境与安全工程学院, 江苏 镇江 212013
江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业农村部长江下游农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 陈佩 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业农村部长江下游农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014
济南大学水利与环境学院, 济南 250022 | | | 陈瑞 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业农村部长江下游农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014
南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京 210095 | | | 王宁 | 江苏大学环境与安全工程学院, 江苏 镇江 212013
江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业农村部长江下游农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014
南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京 210095 | wang.ning4113@163.com | | 于建光 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业农村部长江下游农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 薛利红 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业农村部长江下游农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文以高砂土（江苏泰州）和黄泥土（江苏宜兴）两种稻麦轮作土壤为研究对象，通过温室盆栽试验研究了麦秸还田对水稻拔节期根际与非根际土壤有机碳组分及细菌多样性的影响。结果显示：麦秸还田使高砂土和黄泥土非根际土壤的有机碳（OC）、溶解性有机碳（DOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）含量分别提高 11.4% 和 19.0%、16.7%和 38.6%、6.97% 和 32.9%，根际土壤分别增加 7.48% 和 19.0%、68.8% 和 28.1%、21.7%和 51.9%，且 DOC和 POC的绝对增加量均高于非根际土壤；麦秸还田使黄泥土根际和非根际易氧化碳（EOC）含量分别增加 38.5% 和 78.8%，但两种土壤根际微生物生物量碳（MBC）均显著降低。高通量测序分析发现，麦秸还田显著降低了高砂土非根际和根际细菌的物种丰富度和香农指数，但显著增加了黄泥土非根际细菌的物种丰富度和香农指数；秸秆还田还明显改变了两种土壤根际与非根际的细菌群落组成，显著提高了非根际 Hydrogenispora 和根际 Clostridium sensu stricto 8 的相对丰度；与非根际相比，麦秸还田导致的稻田根际细菌群落改变更为显著，而OC、EOC和POC是调控其变化的重要因子。研究表明，秸秆还田显著提高了水稻根际土壤活性碳含量并改变了根际细菌群落结构，而土壤活性有机碳是驱动根际细菌群落变化的重要因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Straw return is a prevalent agricultural practice, yet research on soil characteristics influenced by the interaction between straw and rice roots in paddy soils remains scarce. This study examined two types of rice-wheat rotation soils—high sandy soil from Taizhou, Jiangsu, and yellow clay soil from Yixing, Jiangsu—through greenhouse pot experiments to assess the effects of wheat straw incorporation on soil organic carbon composition and bacterial community diversity in both rhizosphere and bulk during the rice jointing stage. The findings indicated that wheat straw incorporation, compared to the control, increased organic carbon（OC）content in the bulk of high sandy soil and yellow clay soil by 11.4% and 19.0%, respectively, and enhanced dissolved organic carbon（DOC）content by 16.7% and 38.6%, respectively, as well as particulate organic carbon（POC）content by 6.97% and 32.9%, respectively. Furthermore, in rhizosphere soils compared to bulk soils, the OC content increased by 7.48% and 19.0%, the DOC content rose by 68.8% and 28.1%, and the POC content grew by 21.7% and 51.9% for high sandy soil and yellow clay soil, respectively. Notably, the increases in DOC and POC content were more pronounced in rhizosphere soils than in bulk soils for both soil types. Additionally, straw incorporation significantly elevated the easily oxidizable carbon（EOC）content in the rhizosphere and bulk of yellow clay soil by 38.5% and 78.8%, respectively, while significantly reducing microbial biomass carbon（MBC）content in the rhizosphere soils of both soil types. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that wheat straw incorporation significantly decreased the observed species and Shannon index of bacteria in the bulk soil and rhizosphere of sandy soil, yet significantly increased these metrics in the bulk of yellow clay soil. Straw incorporation also markedly altered the bacterial community composition in both rhizosphere and bulk soil of the two soil types, significantly increasing the relative abundance of Hydrogenispora in bulk soil and Clostridium sensu stricto 8 in the rhizosphere. Moreover, bacterial community changes in the rice rhizosphere were more pronounced than those in the bulk soil following wheat straw incorporation, with OC, EOC, and POC identified as key factors regulating these changes. In summary, straw incorporation significantly increases the content of active carbon in rice rhizosphere soil and alters the structure of rhizosphere bacterial communities. Moreover, active organic carbon in the soil is a key factor driving the changes in rhizosphere bacterial communities. |
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