| 王炎培,张靖,姜文倩,朱俊毅,吴金水,沈健林.生物炭和炭基肥施用对甜玉米地N2O排放及氮淋溶影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(8):1997-2008. |
| 生物炭和炭基肥施用对甜玉米地N2O排放及氮淋溶影响 |
| Impacts of biochar and biochar-based fertilizer application on N2O emissions and nitrogen leaching in a sweet corn field |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-08 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0026 |
| 中文关键词: 菜地 秸秆生物炭 炭基肥 N2O 淋溶损失 |
| 英文关键词: vegetable field straw biochar biochar-based fertilizer N2O leaching loss |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700801）；国家自然科学基金项目（42077104，42161144002） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王炎培 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408 | | | 张靖 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | | | 姜文倩 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408 | | | 朱俊毅 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408 | | | 吴金水 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408 | | | 沈健林 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408 | jlshen@isa.ac.cn |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 703 |
| 全文下载次数: 867 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以湖南长沙城郊甜玉米地为研究对象，通过开展田间定位试验，探讨了秸秆生物炭直接施用及制成炭基肥配合氮肥减量施用对减少温室气体排放和氮素淋溶的效果。试验共设置 4 个处理，分别为不施肥处理（CK）、常规氮肥处理（CON）、减氮20%化肥+直接施用秸秆生物炭处理（BC）和减氮 20% 化肥+制成炭基肥施用处理（BF），采用静态箱-气相色谱法监测了甜玉米季 N2O 排放通量，测定了淋溶氮素损失、玉米产量、氮肥利用率及土壤因子变化。结果显示：与CON处理相比，BC 和 BF 处理 N2O 排放均显著下降，且 BF 处理 N2O 排放因子显著减少11.6%，BF 和 BC 处理的单位产量 N2O 排放分别显著减少 33.9% 和26.4%。CON、BF和BC处理的总氮（TN）淋溶因子分别为27.0%、26.3%和48.0%，即氮肥通过TN淋溶的损失率表现为BF+4-N和 NO-3-N含量较 BC处理分别显著降低了 28.7%和 10.4%。秸秆生物炭及炭基肥施用使甜玉米产量和氮肥利用率分别显著提高了14.6%~17.2%和29.9%~53.4%。研究表明，生物炭及炭基肥配合减氮均显著减少了N2O排放、增加了甜玉米产量，且炭基肥减少了氮素淋溶损失，而生物炭直接施用增加了氮素淋溶损失，炭基肥可作为一种菜地减氮和减少氮素损失的生物炭优化施用措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A field experiment was conducted in a sweet corn field located on the suburban area of Changsha City, Hunan Province, to investigate the effects of straw derived biochar applied directly and as a component in biochar-based fertilizer combined with reduced nitrogen fertilizer application on greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen leaching. The experiment comprised four treatments：no fertilizer application（CK）, conventional nitrogen fertilizer application（CON）, 20% reduced nitrogen fertilizer + direct straw biochar application （BC）, and 20% reduced nitrogen fertilizer + biochar-based fertilizer application（BF）. Static chamber-gas chromatography was employed to monitor N2O emission fluxes during the sweet corn growing season. Additionally, nitrogen losses from leaching, corn yields, nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, and changes in soil factors were assessed. The results showed that compared to the CON treatment, both BC and BF treatments significantly decreased N2O emissions. Notably, the BF treatment exhibited a significant reduction in the N2O emission factor by 11.6%, while the unit yield-based N2O emissions for BF and BC treatments were significantly reduced by 33.9% and 26.4%, respectively. TN leaching factors for CON, BF, and BC treatments were 27.0%, 26.3%, and 48.0%, respectively, indicating that the loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer through TN leaching was less in BF treatment as compared to BC treatment, with no significant differences between BF and CON. Compared to the CON treatment, the BC treatment significantly increased the TN leaching factor, while there was no significant difference for the BF treatment. However, when compared to the BC treatment, the TN leaching factor of the BF treatment was significantly reduced by 45.8%. There were significant differences in TN leaching per unit yield among the treatments, with the BF treatment showing a significant 35.0% reduction in TN leaching per unit yield compared to the CON treatment. The BF treatment showed a significant decrease in soil NH+4-N and NO-3-N contents by 28.7% and 10.4%, respectively, compared to the BC treatment. The application of straw biochar and biochar-based fertilizer significantly increased sweet corn yields and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency by 14.6% to 17.2% and 29.9% to 53.4%, respectively. In summary, the combined application of biochar and biochar-based fertilizer with nitrogen reduction significantly reduced N2O emissions and increased sweet corn yield. Furthermore, biochar-based fertilizer reduced nitrogen leaching losses, whereas direct application of biochar increased nitrogen leaching losses. Therefore, biochar-based fertilizer can be considered as an optimized biochar application strategy for nitrogen fertilizer reduction and minimizing nitrogen losses in vegetable fields. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
