| 王盛磊,尚博,何龙鑫,邵在胜,冯兆忠.臭氧浓度升高下有机无机肥配施对水稻抗倒伏性状的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(9):2221-2233. |
| 臭氧浓度升高下有机无机肥配施对水稻抗倒伏性状的影响 |
| Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on lodging resistance in rice under the elevated ozone concentration |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0925 |
| 中文关键词: 臭氧 水稻 FACE 有机无机肥配施 倒伏 |
| 英文关键词: ozone rice FACE combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers lodging |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42130714）；江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项（BK20220020） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1044 |
| 全文下载次数: 780 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 研究O3浓度升高下有机无机肥配施对水稻茎秆抗倒伏性状的影响，以期实现科学施肥增产并减轻O3污染对农业生产的潜在危害。研究以杂交稻徽两优 898与常规稻南粳 9108为供试材料，基于开放式 O3浓度增加系统（O3-FACE）设置两个 O3浓度（A-O3：环境大气 O3浓度，E-O3：1.5 倍环境 O3浓度），每个 O3处理下均嵌套施无机肥对照处理[Ino：无机肥氮（N）的施用量为 270kg·hm-2]与有机无机肥配施处理（Com：施用无机肥N 189 kg·hm-2+有机肥鸡粪5 000 kg·hm-2），对植株的抗倒伏性状以及与倒伏相关的茎秆性状进行测定分析。结果表明：O3胁迫显著降低了供试水稻的田间单株（平均18.7%）与单茎抗折力（平均12.0%）、增加了其节间倒伏指数（Ⅲ节间平均12.1%，Ⅳ节间平均11.5%），并使包括节间抗折力、横截面积、单位长度干质量等在内的节间性状参数显著下降，其中节间抗折力（平均 23.8%）与横截面积（平均 13.9%）的降幅最为明显，表明 O3浓度升高增加了植株倒伏的风险。与Ino处理相比，Com处理显著增加了两供试品种水稻的田间单株（平均10.7%）与单茎抗折力（平均16.7%）、降低了其节间倒伏指数（Ⅲ节间平均11.6%，Ⅳ节间平均8.6%），并显著增加了节间抗折力、茎壁厚及单位长度干质量等节间性状参数，其中对节间抗折力（平均21.6%）与单位长度干质量（平均13.9%）的提升效果最为显著，表明Com处理对水稻的抗倒伏能力产生了积极影响。此外，相关性分析结果表明，不同水稻品种抗倒伏能力与其节间性状之间存在显著差异。在O3浓度升高及有机无机肥配施处理下，两个水稻品种在倒伏响应上均未表现出显著差异。O3浓度升高与施肥处理对两个水稻品种各倒伏参数的交互影响并不显著，表明短期内有机无机肥配施尚不足以缓解O3浓度升高对水稻倒伏的加剧效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The research investigated the combined effects of organic-inorganic fertilizer application on the lodging resistance traits of rice under elevated O3 concentration, which can contribute to the development of targeted fertilization strategies aimed at enhancing crop yield and mitigating the detrimental effects of O3 on crop production. The study used the hybrid rice cultivar Huiliangyou 898 and the inbred rice cultivar Nanjing 9108, and employed a Free-Air Concentration Enrichment（FACE）system to establish two O3 concentration treatments （A-O3：ambient O3 concentration, E-O3：1.5 times ambient O3 concentration）. Each O3 treatment included the conventional practice of inorganic N applied by local farmers（Ino：the inorganic nitrogen（N）application rate was 270 kg·hm-2）and combined organic-inorganic fertilizer treatment（Com：inorganic N 189 kg·hm-2+5 000 kg·hm-2 of chicken manure）. The lodging resistance traits and stem traits related to lodging were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that when averaging the two rice cultivars, elevated O3 significantly reduced the pushing resistance of rice in the experiment, with reductions of 18.7% in intact plants and 12.0% in single stems, respectively, increased the lodging index of internodes（12.1% on average for the third internode, 11.5% on average for the fourth internode）. Elevated O3 also significantly decreased various basal internode traits, including internode breaking resistance, cross section area, and dry weight per unit length. The most substantial reductions were observed in internode breaking resistance（average 23.8%）and cross- sectional area （average 13.9%）. These results suggested that elevated O3 increased the risk of rice lodging. Compared to the Ino treatment, the Com treatment significantly enhanced the intact plant and the single stem pushing resistance of two rice cultivars in the experiment（10.7% on average for the intact plant and 16.7% on average for the single stem）, reduced the lodging index of internodes（11.6% on average for the third internode, 8.6% on average for the fourth internode）. The Com treatment also significantly increased the basal internode traits, such as, internode breaking resistance, culm wall thickness and dry weight per unit length. The most significant improvements were observed in internode breaking resistance（average 21.6%）and dry weight per unit length（average 13.9%）. These results indicate that the Com treatment have a positive impact on the lodging resistance of rice. In addition, the correlation analysis results suggested that there were significant differences between the lodging resistance and the basal internode traits of different rice cultivars. There was no significant difference in lodging response between the two rice cultivars under elevated O3 concentrations and combined organic-inorganic fertilizer treatments. The interaction effects of elevated O3 concentration and fertilization treatments on the lodging parameters of the two rice cultivars were not significant, indicating that the short-term combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizers was not sufficient to offset the exacerbating effect of E-O3 on rice lodging. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
