| 钱相宇,王琦琪,王丹彤,祁浩,李花粉,万亚男,王琪,庄重.玉米叶片对不同粒径降尘中重金属的富集特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(9):2234-2244. |
| 玉米叶片对不同粒径降尘中重金属的富集特征 |
| Characteristics of heavy metals foliar uptake by maize (Zea mays L.) exposed to dustfall with different particle sizes |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0809 |
| 中文关键词: 大气降尘 污染物迁移 矿区 重金属富集 |
| 英文关键词: dustfall contaminant transport mining area heavy metal enrichment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42277411） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 钱相宇 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 王琦琪 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 王丹彤 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 祁浩 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 李花粉 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 万亚男 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 王琪 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 庄重 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | zhuangzhong@cau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨不同粒径颗粒物对作物叶片吸收重金属的影响，采用矿区土壤模拟大气沉降开展玉米叶片暴露试验，解析不同粒径颗粒物处理对玉米苗期生长和吸收富集重金属的影响。结果表明：玉米生长初期，小粒径颗粒物对玉米株高和地上部生物量的抑制作用显著；大粒径（＜2 mm）颗粒物暴露处理下，玉米叶片对颗粒物的截留吸附及对重金属的滞留率最高，其中颗粒物暴露处理组玉米地上部镉（Cd）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）和铜（Cu）5 种元素含量分别为空白对照组的 4.05~4.65、13.42~33.58、11.05~19.61、2.50~4.12倍和1.19~1.44倍；玉米富集大气颗粒物中重金属后可从老叶向新叶转移，玉米苗期新叶中来源于大气颗粒物的Cd、As、Pb、Zn和Cu含量最高为老叶的1.20、1.53、1.11、1.11倍和0.56倍；扫描电镜观察到玉米叶片气孔周围有携带重金属的颗粒物聚集，进一步证实玉米可通过叶片截留大气颗粒物的途径富集重金属。研究表明，大气颗粒物粒径大小显著影响玉米叶片对颗粒物的截留吸附和对重金属的吸收。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate how the particle size affects the absorption of heavy metals by crop leaves, we conducted an exposure experiment on maize leaves by simulating atmospheric dustfall from mining-area soil to analyze the effects of particle sizes on growth, and heavy metals accumulation in maize seedlings. The results showed that at the early stage of maize growth, small particles significantly inhibited maize plant height and aboveground biomass. Additionally, under the exposure treatment of large particle size（＜2 mm）, maize leaves had the highest retention rate of heavy metals in particulate matter. The contents of cadmium（Cd）, arsenic（As）, lead（Pb）, zinc（Zn）and copper （Cu）in the aboveground parts of maize treated with dustfall were 4.05-4.65, 13.42-33.58, 11.05-19.61, 2.50-4.12 times and 1.19-1.44 times higher than those of the control, respectively. Heavy metals in atmospheric particulate matter can be transferred from old leaves to new leaves after being absorbed by maize. The contents of Cd, As, Pb, Zn and Cu derived from atmospheric particulate matter in the new leaves were 1.20, 1.53, 1.11, 1.11 times and 0.56 times higher than those in the old leaves. Moreover, scanning electron microscope observations revealed that particles containing heavy metals tend to gather around the stomata of maize leaves, further confirming that maize can uptake heavy metals by intercepting atmospheric particulates on leaves. This study suggests that the particle size significantly affects the interception and adsorption of particulate matter and the absorption of heavy metals by corn leaves. |
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