| 傅杰,陈浩,管益东,颜游生,周新祥,陆川,余向阳,石志琦,陈健.新型植物源叶面阻控剂JS-01降低水稻镉积累的作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(9):2245-2252. |
| 新型植物源叶面阻控剂JS-01降低水稻镉积累的作用 |
| A novel plant-derived foliar inhibitor JS-01 decreases Cd content in rice |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-18 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0688 |
| 中文关键词: 叶面阻控剂 百里香酚 镉累积 水稻 籽粒 |
| 英文关键词: foliar inhibitor thymol Cd accumulation rice grains |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32272208）；江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX（22）3200] |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探讨新型植物源叶面阻控剂（JS-01）对水稻镉（Cd）累积的调控作用，本研究通过在浙江、湖南、江西等地常年稻米Cd超标区域采用小区实验、大田实验及田间示范，测定水稻各器官中的Cd含量。结果表明：小区实验中（每处理小区30 m2），与对照（喷施清水）相比，水稻根、茎、叶中的 Cd 含量分别降低了 43.96%~77.68%、38.20%~75.64%、33.74%~56.68%，糙米的 Cd 含量降低了24.72%~89.95%；在6个不同地区进行不同品种的早、中、晚稻的大田实验（每处理1.33 hm2），喷施JS-01后，早稻两个地区的糙米降 Cd 率为 42.86% 和 72.41%，中稻两个地区的糙米降 Cd 率为 63.89% 和 69.44%，晚稻两个地区的糙米降 Cd 率为 32.37% 和50.30%；在大面积田间示范中（每处理6.67 hm2），将JS-01结合常规农药施用，采用无人机飞防统一处理，糙米 Cd含量也均达到国标（GB 2762—2022）限量要求，且效果优于单独硅叶面阻控剂处理。在糙米Cd含量达到国标限量条件下，JS-01处理显著抑制了Cd向地上部的转移，且地上部的Cd更多地滞留于营养器官；JS-01处理不影响水稻产量及其相关农艺性状，且比施用硅叶面阻控剂节省劳动力和药剂成本合计31.2%。研究表明，喷施JS-01可有效降低水稻糙米Cd积累，效果优于硅叶面阻控剂，且使用方便、成本低，具有良好的推广应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the regulatory effects of a novel plant-derived foliar retardant（JS-01）on the accumulation of cadmium（Cd）in rice grains, this experiment was conducted in perennial areas of rice with excessive Cd levels, such as Zhejiang, Hunan, and Jiangxi, using small plot experiments, large field experiments, and field demonstrations to measure the Cd content in various organs of rice. The results indicate that in small plot experiments（30 m2 per treatment）, compared with the control（sprayed with water）, the Cd content in the roots, stems, and leaves of rice was reduced by 43.96% to 77.68%, 38.20% to 75.64%, and 33.74% to 56.68%, respectively, and the Cd content in brown rice was reduced by 24.72% to 89.95%. In large field experiments conducted across six different regions with various rice varieties （1.33 hm2 per treatment）, after spraying JS-01, the reduction rates of Cd in brown rice for early, middle, and late rice were 42.86% and 72.41%, 63.89% and 69.44%, and 32.37% and 50.30%, respectively. In large-scale field demonstrations（6.67 hm2 per treatment）, where JS-01 was combined with conventional pesticides and treated uniformly by drone, the Cd content in brown rice also met the national standards（GB 2762—2022）and was superior to the treatment with silicon-based foliar retardants alone. The study shows that the Cd content in brown rice met the national standard requirements, and the treatment with JS-01 significantly reduced the transfer of Cd from root to shoot, and resulted in the compartmentalization of shoot Cd in vegetative organs. The treatment with JS-01 did not affect the yield and agronomic traits of rice and saved a total of 31.2% in labor and pesticide costs compared to the use of silicon-based foliar retardants. Therefore, spraying JS-01 can effectively reduce the accumulation of Cd in brown rice, with better results than silicon-based foliar retardants, and is convenient to use and cost-effective, offering a promising prospect for promotion and application. |
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