| 商小兰,李丹,周华萍,徐著,章明奎,刘永红.组合调理剂对退化茶园土壤的改良效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(9):2305-2312. |
| 组合调理剂对退化茶园土壤的改良效果 |
| Improvement effects of combined conditioners on fertility quality of degraded tea garden soil |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0773 |
| 中文关键词: 退化茶园 复合调理剂 有机物料 石灰石粉 |
| 英文关键词: degraded tea garden compound conditioner organic materials limestone powder |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41977001）；浙江省产业团队项目 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 909 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对南方丘陵地区退化茶园土壤普遍存在酸化、有机质低下、结构不佳与水肥气热不够协调等较多的问题，本试验以浙江省一退化茶园为例，采用有机物料（生物质炭和商品有机肥）与石灰石粉等几种改良剂组合，通过田间微区试验方法探讨了不同组合调理剂对退化茶园土壤肥力指标的综合改良效果。结果表明：与不施用调理剂的对照相比，有机物料和石灰石粉等不同改良剂组合均有助于退化茶园土壤肥力质量的提高，但不同组合方式对土壤肥力因素的影响有所差异。生物质炭、商品有机肥对改善土壤性状有一定的差异，降低土壤容重与增加土壤有机碳和饱和导水率的效果表现为生物质炭>商品有机肥。生物质炭+石灰石粉+秸秆覆盖、生物质炭+石灰石粉和商品有机肥+石灰石粉处理分别比对照的容重下降14.68%、11.19%和9.79%，有机碳增加 33.33%、31.68%和 14.71%，饱和导水率增加 17.63、15.51 mm·d-1和 14.07 mm·d-1；但生物质炭高施用量可能会对土壤有机碳的品质产生不良影响（降低有机碳中腐殖质碳的占比）。商品有机肥提高土壤全磷、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷的效果高于生物质炭；不同处理中以生物质炭提高土壤饱和持水量的效果最佳，生物质炭+石灰石粉+秸秆覆盖、生物质炭+石灰石粉和商品有机肥+石灰石粉处理分别比对照的饱和持水量增加 10.49%、9.03% 和 7.89%。增加土壤阳离子交换量的效果生物质炭好于商品有机肥。石灰石粉和生物质炭的施用均能明显提高土壤pH值；石灰的施用可在一定程度上提高土壤保肥性，改善土壤养分的有效性。生物质炭+石灰石粉+秸秆覆盖、商品有机肥+石灰石粉和生物质炭+石灰石粉处理的干茶产量分别比对照增加 71.4%、71.4% 和57.14%。研究表明，综合土壤质量数据和作物产量，推荐使用生物质炭+石灰石粉+秸秆覆盖的模式来综合治理退化茶园土壤。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Due to the widespread problems of soil acidification, low organic matter, poor structure, and lack of coordination in water, fertilizer, gas, and heat in degraded tea gardens in southern hilly areas. For this purpose, this study takes a degenerated tea plantation in Zhejiang Province as an example to study the effects of different improvers, such as biomass carbon, commercial organic fertilizer and limestone powder, on soil qualities of the tea garden, a field experiment was carried out to study the effect of combined conditioner on soil fertility improvement in the degraded tea garden. Compared with the non-application of the modifiers, different combinations of modifiers, such as organic materials and limestone powder, were helpful to improve the fertility quality of the degraded tea garden. In general, biomass charcoal and commercial organic fertilizer had significant differences in improving soil properties. The effects of reducing soil bulk density and increasing soil organic carbon and saturated water conductivity decreased in the order of biomass carbon > commercial organic fertilizer. Compared with the non-application of the modifiers, after the treatments of biomass carbon+limestone powder+straw mulching, biomass carbon + limestone powder and commercial organic fertilizer + limestone powder, soil bulk density were decreased by 14.68%, 11.19% and 9.79%, soil organic carbon were increased by 33.33%, 31.68% and 14.71%, soil saturated water conductivity were increased by 17.63, 15.51 mm·d-1 and 14.07 mm·d-1；but high application of biomass carbon might have a negative impact on the quality of soil organic carbon（ie, reducing the proportion of humus carbon in the total organic carbon）. The effects of increasing total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus decreased in the order of commercial organic fertilizer > biomass charcoal. The most effect of increasing saturated water holding capacity was biomass charcoal. Compared with the non-application of the modifiers, after the treatments of biomass carbon + limestone powder + straw mulching, biomass carbon + limestone powder and commercial organic fertilizer + limestone powder, soil saturated water holding capacity were increased by 10.49%, 9.03% and 7.89%. The effect of biomass charcoal application on increasing soil CEC was better than that of commercial organic fertilizer application. In addition, the application of lime and biomass charcoal could significantly improve the soil pH value. The application of lime could improve the soil CEC and available nutrients. Compared with the non-application of the modifiers, after the treatments of biomass carbon+limestone powder+straw mulching, biomass carbon+limestone powder and commercial organic fertilizer+limestone powder, tea yield were increased by 71.4%%, 71.4% and 57.14%. Based on the soil quality data and tea yield, it is suggested that the combination of biomass charcoal, limestone powder, and straw mulching should be applied in the improvement of the degraded tea garden soil. |
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