| 刘一鸣,李雪,丁永祯,陈志敏,詹冬,赵冉,慕晓泉,黄呈成,杨凤霞.厨余、猪粪和玉米秸秆厌氧共消化产气性能与微生物分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(9):2396-2406. |
| 厨余、猪粪和玉米秸秆厌氧共消化产气性能与微生物分析 |
| Performance and microbiological analysis of gas production from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste，pig manure and corn straw |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0928 |
| 中文关键词: 厨余 猪粪 玉米秸秆 物料复配 厌氧共消化 |
| 英文关键词: food waste pig manure corn straw material compounding anaerobic co-digestion |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1601103）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（Y2024QC28）；天津市自然科学基金项目（23JCYBJC00250）；云南省科技计划项目（202401AT070304） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 厌氧消化是农村有机废弃物处理利用的主要方式之一，为了进一步提高有机废弃物利用率和厌氧消化效率，本研究通过厨余、猪粪和玉米秸秆多元有机物复配，研究不同混合物料比对厌氧消化进程与效能的影响，测定了产沼气量、甲烷含量、有机物降解等指标，分析了微生物群落结构和功能，剖析了厌氧共消化系统中微生物之间的协同/拮抗作用及其之间的内在联系。结果表明：与单基质厌氧消化相比，双基质厌氧消化可以加速反应初期的水解产酸，甲烷产率提高了18.46%~62.80%；三基质厌氧共消化产甲烷效率与双基质消化系统相比不显著，但三基质消化系统中稳定的pH值和低浓度挥发性脂肪酸使其稳定性和缓冲性能优于单基质和双基质消化系统。乙酸型产甲烷菌 Methanosaeta 在双基质和三基质厌氧共消化系统中相对丰度显著高于单基质系统，且与大部分菌属具有协同关系。研究表明，猪粪和秸秆以1∶1比例混合产甲烷量最高（372.29 mL·g-1），厨余、猪粪和秸秆三基质厌氧消化系统中 Chloroflexi 与 Desulfobacterota、Methanosaeta、Methanobacterium 和 Halobacterota 呈显著正相关，可以协同促进有机质分解，为产甲烷菌的生长代谢提供营养物质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Anaerobic digestion is one of the main modes of treatment and utilisation of organic waste in rural areas, and in order to further improve the utilisation of organic waste and the efficiency of anaerobic digestion. In this study, we investigated the effects of different mixture ratios on the process and efficiency of anaerobic digestion through the compounding of food waste, pig manure and corn stover, measured the biogas production, methane content, organic matter degradation and other indexes, analysed the structure and function of microbial communities, and analysed the synergistic / antagonistic roles of microorganisms and their intrinsic links in the anaerobic codigestion system. The results showed that compared with single-substrate anaerobic digestion, double-substrate anaerobic digestion could accelerate the hydrolysis of acid production in the early stage of the reaction, and the methane yield was increased by 18.46%~62.80%; the methane production effect of triple-substrate anaerobic co-digestion was not significant compared with that of double-substrate digestion system; however, the stable pH and the low concentration of volatile fatty acids in the triple-substrate digestion system made its stability and buffering performance superior to that of single-substrate and double-substrate digestion systems. The relative abundance of the acetate-type methanogenic bacterium Methanosaeta was significantly higher in the two- and three-substrate anaerobic co-digestion systems than in the single-substrate system and was synergistically related to most of the genera. Therefore, the highest methane production （372.29 mL·g-1）was observed in a 1∶1 mixture of pig manure and straw, and Chloroflexi in the three-substrate anaerobic co-digestion system of food waste, pig manure, and straw showed a significant positively correlated with Desulfobacterota, Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium and Halobacterota, which could synergistically promote the decomposition of organic matter and provide nutrients for methanogenic bacteria growth and metabolism. |
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